Ursus Beneventanus, Adbreviatio artis grammaticae

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Ursus, De nomine - Adbreviatio artis grammaticae (Codex Casanatensis 1086, folia 1r-11r)

An experimental scholarly digital edition of section De nomine (folia 1r-11r) of the Adbreviatio artis grammaticae by Ursus from Benevento from codex Casanatensis 1086 (IX century), edited by Paolo Monella within the ALIM Project (2016).

The source of this edition is constituted by the digital images of the manuscript provided by the Bibliotheca Casanatensis, Rome, Italy.

The following codes are used to categorize corrections identified in this edition:
    ub
  • The scribe wrote 'b' for 'u', due to the pronunciation of the time.
    • mouilis
  • This could be considered a 'b'/'u' error, due to the pronunciation of the time. However, the scribe consistently wrote "mouil-" in the whole manuscript, which suggests that he was referring to the medieval etymological spelling of the adjective "mouilis, -e" (from verb "moueo, -es, moui, motum").
    • proprie_e_caudatum
  • Scribal error: "propriae" (with a final "e caudatum" grapheme) for adverb "proprie". This specific error occurs in 2v.a.27, 9r.a.18 and 10r.a.18.
    • dyp
  • The scribe consistently spells "dyphthongus" instead of "diphthongus". The confusion arises because "y" and "i" used to be have the same pronunciation at the time of the scribe.
    • iy
  • The scribe wrote "i" for "y", due to the pronunciation of the time.
Make a decision about note[@subtype="§"]
Talk to GDM about note[@cert="medium"], corr[@cert="medium"] and corr[@type="ub"] (and other types of 'corr')
Delete @subtype="crux" from the note after w15894.
Find anchor @type="codexR" for places which give us hints as what famlily of MSS of Priscian is closer to Ursus' text.
Some 'lb' are children of 'choice/sic' and 'choice/corr': check how js and python manage this.
Use 'surplus' for expunction instead of sic/corr?
Create ALIM-TEI-Level_1 visualization for ALIM2 website.
Try to upload this file in ALIM2, see errors.
Re-test xml load in other browsers. I tested it on Firefox and Chromium. Test on Safari and Edge at least.
CTS: Show Keil Priscian's text directly from the 'start source' box, but copy/pasted into my website (unless I can make a direct link to the CLG website -- hard to do).
Review documentation (priority: the two 'sgn' bookmarks).
Check lemmatization: when I finish, I'll set variable 'viewLL' in jsparser.js back to 'true'
Check treetagger documentation
Treetagger docs: does treetagger make a difference between capitalized and uncapitalized words?
Treetagger docs: can you pass arguments to treetagger from the command line?
Treetagger docs: can it take punctuation in the sentence into account?
Treetagger docs: what to do with Greek nouns?
Problema di visualizzazione: quando inserisco un segno di punteggiatura a livello AL/LL non corrispondente ad alcun segno sul manoscritto, nel browser comunque spunta nella riga GL uno spazio. Potrei usare [pc n="."] [/pc] (cioè uno spazio al GL che 'significa' un punto -- o altro segno di punteggiatura -- al LL).
Check the "Index grammaticus" (Georg Olms) for passages currently with no identified source.
Adopt prefixDef: see discussion in the TEI-L with subject "cRef usage".
Vd. se c'è veramente differenza tra punto al mezzo e punto in basso o se sono allografi. E vd. se ci sono allografi anche tra gli altri segni di punteggiatura.
Alcuni attributi (ad es. force, function, e altri) hanno valori di datatype data.enumerated. Questo significa che dovrei limitare formalmente i possibili valori con un elemento valList?
Line-level visualization of manuscript page image?
I might transcribe also marginal glossae in black ink
Find sources for ab06 based on comments on Donatus (find 1st note in ab06)
Find a source for words w14586-w14811.
Periodicamente: vd. se i brevigrafi (þ, ŋ etc.) hanno per_lo_più o sempre il significato che suggerisco nella GToS
I'm not visualizing the 'milestone' elements in any way: I could think of a possible rendering.
I might turn the informal quotations (such as K 2.110.22-25) existing within 'note' elements into formal URNs.
Potrei codificare le correzioni/riscritture dello stesso scriba.
In w14058 I should have an 'add' child of 'abbr', but I do not b/c this is not managed by the JS at this time. Make the JS manage it and encode it (not a big deal, though, as there is a 'note' saying it).
Propose an emendation for the note with id note-4.v.b.2
Per migliorare l'eleganza del software JavaScript, si potrebbero mettere tutti gli elementi al di fuori di 'w' in funzioni, per uniformità con wordify()
Inventare un modo (diverso dall'attuale 'hover') per visualizzare la lunghezza del 'gap'?
Per migliorare l'eleganza del software JavaScript, potrei usare la funzione graph() per tutte le stringhe del GL (non solo la punteggiatura). L'ho già fatto per molte cose: vedi se l'ho fatto per tutto. In particolare, vedi se l'ho fatto per tutti i 'w type="...' (per i vari @type).
Better visualization of 'pc' type=quote
In 5r.a.10, Greek words 'edein' followed by 'eidein', and also 'plion' followed by 'pleion', need a complex textual-critical discussion, also taking the witnesses of Priscian's text into account (see Keil's app. crit. to K 2.71.11). Also, I should include the text of Priscian as reported by Priscian's witnesses (if I haven't done it already).
Fix the JS cross-browser compatibility issues.
For clear 'scribal error[s]', I sometimes correct in the value of @n, sometimes do not. Also, sometimes I insert a @type="script" note, sometimes a @type="content" note. I normally use 'script' when I correct silently, 'content' when I do not. This only is to check until the first note with type 'emendation'.
Use two new 'note' types 'emendation' and 'graphic'. Start from word with id w28905 moving backwards.
Add new Unicode characters, as suggested by Odd Einer Haugen (see email).
From time to time: check for '0' after closing tags (due to @f or @d in .vimrc).
From time to time: delete 'pc space' followed by 'lb'. In VIM newline is \n
In notes, always write Priscian, Ars grammatica (not Institutiones et sim.).
Unify all 'agenda' items in this list: move here those items that currently are in my agenda file (and possibly also scattered elsewhere).
'Lighter' signs (possibly icons) for notes: give the page a less overwhelming look.
Add to legenda: Pretty much everything is in css (take a look at the whole css to check).
Show table of signs
Use the glyph images (png) I have to show allographs
In gtos.html, don't create empty images in the 'images' column
Make better photos of allographs (w/o white cropped out rectangles)?
Make photos of allographs of 'regular' alphabetic graphemes?
Review LL punctuation of the first lines of the MS.
Review transcription of the first lines of the MS (e.g.: don't repeat words, add correct commas).
From time to time: check for duplicate and unordered word IDs
Final green light to publish link to edition in ALIM website
From time to time: see if there are 'v', 'ae', or other graphemes not declared in the GToS.
Replace 'note' @type='emendation' with 'sic'/'corr'/'correction'
If only AL is shown, have less 'interlinear' space between rows (css / td.ALCell / padding-top: 1.5em; / reduce this value)?.
file:///usr/share/doc/tei-p5-doc/en/html/AI.html#AILC: The c (character) element should be used to mark up any non-lexical character, whether this appears within a word, or outside it. In the following example, the encoder wishes to indicate that the letters are not to be regarded as words (questo potrebbe sostituire il mio w type="alphabemes"?)
Nella documentazione in [sgn4] metti parole vuote con 0 o no?
Togli la punteggiatura 'solo contemporanea' (senza corrispondenza nel MS)?
I added 'milestone' elements for long sources only for the final part of the transcription. I could add them for the initial part too.
Potrei usare 'gap' per unclear @type="cropped", ma probabilmente è meglio di no. Attualmente ho usato 'unclear' e aggiunto un 'note' @type="script".
I always put a space at the end of the lb, cb, pb elements (XHTML-style). Though this doesn't seem to be the TEI-style, it's my Phtyon script that does it, so I can't do anything about it.
Add 'larger' allographs for alphabetic characters to gtos?
[1r]
adbreuiatio artis
grammatice
In this case the diphthong "ae" seems to be written with grapheme "e", not with grapheme "e caudatum", however the writing is too little legible to ascertain this. The use of "e caudatum" alternates with that of "e" in the whole text.
ex diuersis
doctoribus ab urso composita
This heading ("Adbreuiatio... composita") is in uncial. The uncial glyphs are also used in the body of the text, to mark larger initials in new sections of the text.

 dictio minima pars
The word "pars" was probably originally written in line, but then a damage in the parchment made it unreadable. Then a second hand re-wrote the same word over the line.
est constructe orationis constru
cte id est composite in ordine2em . minima pars est
quantu8um þpertinet ad sensu8um totius
The word "totius" was originally written in line, but it now looks hardly readable. Then a second hand re-wrote the same word over the line.
intellectus .
differt
dictio a syllaba . qm¯quoniam syllaba pars dictionis est . et ¢quia dictio
a · dicendo . hoc est intellegendo dicta est . þper se eni2im significat
ali¢quid . syllaba uero nu8umqua8am þper se significat ali¢quid | mono
syllabæ dictio · id est unius syllabæ dictio potest dici syll
aba sed n¯non sincere eo quod quod syllaba n¯non […] significat aliquid . na8am cu8um dico
a nec tenore2em eius nec tempora nec sr¯spiritum nec significatione2em
agnosco · donec agnobero agnouero dictione2em in qua · ponitur · na2am in a
ra
deo ru8um
There are signs written above the line that I do not understand: a possible macron above the (very hardly legible) "d" and another sign in the space between "deo" and "rum", that might simply mean that the two parts of the word, though written separately, should be read together. The direct source here is Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.53.20-21, which has "in 'ara' deorum, 'a' paenultima producitur".
 · a · pænultima ŋproducitur et circu2um flectitur in nomi
natiuo · et n¯non habet aspiratione8em . quando significat stabul
u8um porcorum · penultima · a · corripitur et acuitur et habet
aspiratione8em . quando p¯prepositio est ŋproducitur et grauatur ·
et e¯est · sine aspiratione . syllaba n¯non potest examussim intelle
gi nisi fuerit in dictione . examussi7im |
This glyph looks like a triangle pointing downwards, but I think it is an allograph of the punctuation paragraphematic sign that I am marking with Unicode character "|".
id est clare . ul¯uel diligent¯ter ter
A second hand wrote the graphemes "ter" written above the line, to clarify the explanation of the "t plus macron" abbreviation at the end of "diligenter".
.

oratio est congrua ordinatio dictionu2um . demonstrans þperfecta8am
sententia8am · oratio dicitur etia2am liber rhetoricus . et una dictio
quæ sign2nificat plenu2um sensu8um . oratio
dicitu2ur
The graphemes around "dicitur" are very hard to read. Another reading might be "oratio dici t(um) [two unclear graphemes] possunt uerba imperatiua et responsiua". In this case, the "u with r rotunda above" abbreviation should be expanded in "um", not "ur", which is unlikely. Also, the "p" and "o" of hypothetical "possunt" are very hardly recognizable. The reading that I am publishing ("oratio dicitur [...] sunt uerba imperatiua et responsiua") is more likely based on the manuscript.
 […] st¯sunt uerba imþperati
ua . et respo¯onsiua · imperatiua · ut
lege
It seems that something similar to "ut lege" was written in the same line, then was erased and a new "ut lege" was written in its place. Also, there is a faded sign over the initial "u". This sign looks like the abbreviation that I am encoding with Unicode character "8" and occurs again later in the same line (above the next "ut", i.e. the word with id w558).
 · responsiua ·
ut
There is a faded sign over the initial "u". This sign looks like the abbreviation that I am encoding with Unicode character "8" and already occurred earlier in the same line (above the previous "ut", i.e. the word with id w552).
 si di
ca2am ¢quid
est
The ink is faded here, however it is possible to see a sign above the "e". It might mark the fact that the sentence is interrogative.
 su7ummu7um bonu7um in uita ⸟ respondeatur honestas .
ars
The section that I entitled "Definition of ars" is almost completely unintelligible in the manuscript, and section "Introduction to the parts of speech" also is very hardly readable. I know of no direct source for either section, so the text cannot be reconstructed based on the source.

 dicunt abarere idest a membro […] si coniunctione7em artuum
efficiant¯tur […] dictio | cu2um effectus plena
[…] quæ oratio dici potest . artis eni2im […] concludunt
[…] ars uero est apprehensio p¯preceptoru2um acco2ommodata ad
[…] : ¢quid eni2im […] est · […] qua2am in sex casibus · et tri
bus coniugationibus c¯consistit cuncta latinitas ł etiam ti
idcirco nominari dicitur ars ¢quia tribus articulis cuncta la
tinitas potest scribi | uel a potes et petes id est […]
qua2am græci uocant scientia2am unius cuiusq;que rei . du2um au¯autem cogita
tur erit ars qm¯quoniam ŋproprius locus artis in mente est . cu2um uero scribi
tur n¯non est sed species dici potest . hoc etia2am et in aliis diuersis
operibus fit .
partes orationis
For section ab06 Morelli 1910, 291 mentions the following sources: "Donato K. IV. 372 25 sgg. e commentatori di Donato; Prisc. 54 segg." Donatus and Priscianus are imitated quite loosely in this section. I should inquire better about the commentaries on Donatus though. More specific imitations on Priscianus included in this section are referenced directly here. Possible comments on Donatus include: (A) Seruius, K 4.405-K 4.448. For example K 5.81-K 5.312 and in particular on the parts of speech K 5.134 ff.
secundu2um donatu2um rectius octo
sunt | secundum plerosq;que alios et plures et pauciores dicunt¯tur
[…] dicuntur partes orationis ¢quia omnis pars plenitudine2em
suam appetit et omnis plenitudo adimpletur a partib;bus suis |
[…]rtire est cu2um aliquid intellectu et ratione segregatur . ab aliqųquo
[…]
diuidere est […] diuiditur et traditio unicuiq;que qd¯quod […]
partes omnino tres st¯sunt | est eni2im aco2omparauilis aco2omparabilis
Scribal error: "acomparauilis" for "acomparabilis". The word, however, might also be "comparabilis", and the previous grapheme could be part of another illegible word.
 pars · que est in […]
citas […] , est maior pars cælu2um et terra | est minima pars quar
ta pars elinientoru2um .
There seems to be a peculiar punctuation sign here, that I am not encoding because I am not sure about it.
oratio ex duob;bus corruptis composita est
ab ore et ratione idcirco n¯non potest dici oratio hoc qd¯uod sine ratione pro
cedit ab ore | oratio est cu2um rationauiliter rationabiliter aliquid loquimur |
From this column on, the handwriting, the script and also the punctuation conventions seem to be slightly different.
ul¯uel
si ŋpro peccatis et uita imp¯precamur |
partes
In this point Ursus follows Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.54.8 closely. The source has: "partes igitur orationis sunt secundum dialecticos duae, nomen et | uerbum, quia hae solae etiam per se coniunctae plenam faciunt orationem"
orationis secundum
aristotelem et ceteros dialecticos duæ st¯sunt · nomen et uerbum ·
quia solæ hæ coniunctæ faciunt plena2am sententia2am |
et in his consis
tit tota latinitas quæ significant þpersona2am et actu2um | þper nomen eni2im
þpersona et þper uerbu2um actus þpersonæ ostenditur | et ab his ceteræ pa
rtes origine2em trahunt · unde suncategorema id est c¯consignifican
tia appellantur | pronomen ex nomine origine2em trahit
¢quia ŋpronomen n¯non potest poni · nisi nomen p¯precedat cuius fungatur
officio : aduerbiu2um a uerbo segregari n¯non potest · cuius significa
tione2em explanat atq;que implet .
et
aduerbiu2um
The word is almost completely illegible, but it seems that the last grapheme is a "a", above which a "u" was written, so probably the original version was "aduerbia", and a second hand corrected it to "aduerbium" to make it agree with the verb.
 a nomine nasci
tur ut doctus docte . participiu2um ex nomine et uerbo nasci
tur unde et nominatu2um est participiu2um · quasi particeps […]
[…]
utra2amq;que
There is no visible "2-shaped" abbreviation mark over the "a". In fact, the latter looks more like an "o" than as an "a". However, the word is hardly readable, so the abbreviation mark might have faded out.
 partem capiat ł coniunctio · et p¯prepositio in con
[…] nominis et uerbi accipiuntur .
secundu2um stoicos
¢quinq;que sunt partes orationis · nomen · appellatio · uerbu2um
ŋpronomen siue articulus · coniunctio · interiectio
In fact, if we include the "interiectio", the parts of the speech become six, not five as announced.
. hi par
ticipiu2um uerbo iungentes participiale uel casuale uerbu2um
dicebant . et aduerbia adiungebant nominibus uel uer
bis | nominantes ea adiectiua eoru2um . adnumerabant pro
nomina articulis · nominantes ea finitos articulos .
ipsos articulos ¢quibus nos caremus . dicebant infinitos ar
ticulos . alii ex eis connumerabant articulos ŋpronominibus .
et articularia ŋpronomina hæc dicebant . quos nos sequimur qua2am
qua2am in latinitate n¯non inueniantur integri articuli .
præposi
tiones copulabant c¯coniunctioni · quas uocant c¯coniunctiones p¯pre
positiuas . quida2am dixerunt nouem esse partes orationis se
parantes appellatione2em a nomine . alii duodecim ponentes
uocabulu2um ŋpro parte ł græci et latini pari modo […] octo par
tes orationis habent : sed in hoc discrepant · quia non articu
lu2um ŋpro parte ponunt . latini hoc pronominib;bus iungunt . et greci
interiectione2em aduerbio iungunt qua2am latini ŋpro parte ponunt [1v]
[…] partes .
nomen quod greci onoma dicunt . ŋpronom¯men
quod illi antonoma · uerbu2um quod illi rema . aduerbiu2um qųquod
illi epirrema . participiu2um quod illi metoche . coniunctio
qua2am illi sindesmos . propositio qua2am illi ŋprotesis . illi artho arthron
This probably is a misspelling for Greek ἄρθρον.
 arti
culu2um dicunt . est et interiectio qua2am illi dicunt |
The Greek name for "aduerbium" is not written. In its place, another hand has put what seems to be a pointer to a marginal glossa. The latter glossa is unfortunately illegible.
non possunt
partes discerni a se nisi adtendamus ŋproprietates uniuscu
iusq;que partis . ŋpropriu2um est nominis significare substantia2am et quali
tatem : hoc fit et in appellatione et in uocabulo · ideo una pars
dici debet · ŋpropriu2um est uerbi significare actionem . uel passi
one2em uel utru2umq;que cum modis et formis sine casu . hoc fit . et in infi
nitis idcirco et una est pars . participiu2um recte separatur a uer
bo ¢quia habet casus ¢quibus caret uerbu2um · et genera sicut nomina ·
et caret modis quos continet uerbu2um | ŋpropriu2um est ŋpronominu2um poni
ŋpro proprio nomine . et certa2am significare þpersona2am · idcirco ¢quis et
¢qui · qualis talis · quantus tantus · quotus totus · et similia ·
sunt infinita siue interrogatiua uel relatiua et lo
co ŋproprioru2um nominu2um n¯non ponuntur · neq;que þpersonas certas sig
nificant . et ¢quia · more nominu2um significant substantias
qua2amuis infinitas ·
This punctuation mark looks like a horizontal dash.
et qualitatem quamuis generalem ·
non pronomina sed nomina dicenda sunt .
From this point on, I am marking the text with the help of an external Python script. First, I mark the text by using my own simplified "markdown" conventions, then I run the script that converts that "markdown" to XML/TEI markup.
etsi ex eis
aliqua declinantur sicut ŋpronomina · n¯non est adtendenda eoru2um
declinatio ¢quia multa ŋpronomina more nominu2um declinan
tur : et multa nomina more ŋpronominu2um · sed uis et significa
tio et ŋproprietas uniuscuiusq;que partis contemplanda est .
ŋpropriu2um est aduerbii cu2um uerbo poni · et sine eo n¯non habere
þperfecta2am significationem · ut bene facio · inter aduerbiu2um et p¯pre
positione2em hoc distat . qd¯uod aduerbiu2um sine casualib;bus et cu2um ca
sualib;bus potest uerbo et p¯preponi et postponi ut
pone
There is a macron sign over the final "e" ("ponē") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
currit
et currit
pone
There is a macron sign over the final "e" ("ponē") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
. uenit tempore longo post . et post · longo
tempore uenit . iungitur cu2um nomine sine uerbo · sed þper elli
psin est . n¯non bonus homo . subauditur . est . ŋpropriu2um est p¯prepo
sitioni separatim þper appositione2em · et c¯coniunctim þper c¯compositione2em
p¯preponi casualib;bus ut apud amicu2um et indoctus · et c¯coniunctim
þper c¯compositione2em carentib;bus casu · ut intercurro induco ŋpropriu2um
est c¯coniunctioni c¯coniu2ungere diuersas qualescu2umq;que casuales dict
iones et diuersa uerba uel aduerbia · ut formosus et sap
iens · legens et scribens ego et tu . facio et dico . bene et celeriter
hoc p¯prepositio n¯non facit · na2am p¯prepositio cu¯um uerbo potest c¯componi ·
coniunctio nu2umqua2am · qua2amuis p¯preposita inueniatur · et p¯prepositio se
paratim semþper p¯preponitur casualibus . coniunctio et p¯preponitur
et postponitur .
This section probably does not have a specific source.
ideo nomen omnes partes p¯precedit ¢quia non pot
est sciri | quæcumq;que creatura uel res uel etia2am ceteræ partes
nisi þper suu2um nomen | sine nomine eni2im · perit reru2um cognitio · non po
test de uoce et littera tractari . nisi nomen · uocis et litteræ
agnoscatur prius · qm¯uoniam in rebus omnibus nomina st¯sunt primi
genia |
This section probably does not have a direct source.
nomen et secundu2um sonu2um definitur · hoc est secundu2um
suþperficiem . et secundu2um substantia2am · hoc est secundu2um qualita
tem sensus | secundum sonu2um · hoc est secundu2um suþperficiem · hoc mo
do · dictus in masculino ponitur · ut pes dictus est . dicta
in feminino . ut littera dicta est . dictum in neutro ut tempus
dictu2um est . secundu2um substantia2am · hoc est secundu2um qualitate2em
sensus . hoc modo ponitur . nomen est in definitione et intelli
gitur esse definitio substantie · ut
littera est pars minima
uocis articulatæ · et pes est syllabaru2um et temporum certa di
numeratio · et uerbu2um est pars orationis · cu2um tempore · et þpersona
et nomen est pars orationis cu2um casu · corpus aut rem pro
prie co2ommuniterue significans · in hac nominis definitio
ne ¢quinq;que modi c¯continentur · dicendo nomen est pars orationis
ostenditur ee¯esse una ex octo partibus . dicendo cu2um casu ostendi
tur · nullu2um nomen sine uno casu esse posse sine […]
esse . dicendo · hoc ipsum · decernitur a uerbo quod caret ca
su · et ab aduerbio · et a coniunctione · et appositione · et interiec
tione |
dicendo corpus aut rem · ostenditur omne nomen
aut corpus significare quod uideri aut tangi potest · ut homo
cælu2um
aer
Note that since here "ae" is no diphthong, it is written with two separate graphemes "a" and "e".
· uox · aut rem quæ nec uideri nec tangi potest ut
pietas · iustitia · sapientia ·
dicendo ŋproprie communiterue
significans · ostenditur nomen esse aut ŋproprium quod extra
natura2am inponitur et unius est · ut cicero · uirgilius aut appel
latiuu2um quod naturaliter est et est multorum · ut homo ar
bor · et in hoc separatur a pronomine et participio quæ þper eos
dem casus declamantur ut nomen · sed carent ŋpropria2am qualita
tem · corpus et ŋpropriæ qualitatis est et appellatiue ŋproprie
ut petrus salomon · appellatiuæ ut ciuitas flumen mons
corpus compositum est ex corrupto et integro · cor a corde
pus integrum est quod intellegitur · custodia · sicut alibi
inpura in pure
Morelli 1910, p. 291, n. 3 corrects "inpura" to "in pure" and comments: "Cod. inpura. Correggo secondo la fonte di Ursus, Virg. gramm. p. 85,23 Huemer: "Pus in philosophia custodia dicitur, ut ait Origenes: Positis in pure fratribus solus evasit". The passage therefore discusses an etymology for word "corpus", composed ex an abbreviated ("corruptum") form of "corpus", namely "cor-", and the complete ("integrum") word "pus" (pus, -ris, neuter), which in this context means "custodia". Therefore "cor(dis) + pus (=custodia)" means "cordis custodia": the body is the custody, the shelter of the heart. To prove the meaning of "pus" as "custodia", Ursus cites Virgilius Grammaticus who, in his turn, cites Origenes. On this medieval meaning of "pus", see Jeudy, C. and Grondeux, A. (2002), 'À propos de "pus": sens médiéval d'un mot antique', Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi, 139-162, https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00008443. The text of Virgilius Grammaticus is readable online in https://archive.org/details/virgiliimaronisg00virguoft (J. Huemer, ed., Virgilii Maronis grammatici opera, Leipzig, 1886).
positis solus hic euasit ·
et intellegitur corpus cordis
custodia [2r]
res appellatiuæ qualitatis est ut iustitia sanctitas discipli
na ars et ŋpropriæ · ut aritmetrica arithmetica
Scribal error: "aritmetrica" for "arithmetica".
 · gra2ammatica · et apud genti
les deorum nomina ut saturnus iuppiter mercurius · quos
illi incorporales putabant · eo quod ali¢quid boni uel mali ab eis
estimabant accipere ï
nomen dictu2um est quasi notamen
eo quod nobis suo uocabulo res notas efficit | nota una
littera est ut l · þper quod intellegitur totu2um nomen luciu2us
notamen est in duobus uel tribus litteris þper quas totu2um intel
legitur nomen · ut gn · gneus · sex sextus ï nomen est
tota pars integra in litteris · ut lucius ï et sicut þper notas intel
legitur integra pars . ita et þper nomen integras creaturas
spiritales ul¯uel corporales ï
nomen est pars orationis quæ uni
cui q;que subiectorum corporu2um seu reru2um commune2em ul¯uel ŋpropriam
qualitatem distribuit ï dicitur nomen a greco ·
noma
On the linguistic layer (LL), this word will not be able to be processed by a parser, as it does not exist in common dictionaries. Priscianus means this to be a previous (no longer existing) form of the word ὄνομα.

 et adiecta · o · onoma · a tribuendo quod nemein dicunt ï
secundu2um donatu2um et ceteros sex st¯sunt accidentia nominis . id est
qualitas · comparatio · genus · numerus · figura · casus ï
secundu2um priscianu2um quinq;que species · genus · numerus · figura · casus ï

species ta2am ŋproprioru2um quam appellatiuoru2um nominu2um aut
primitiua est quæ n¯non ab alio nascitur ut iulus · mons aut deriuatiua que ab alio nascitur
This is an explanatory interlinear glossa. In the mansucript, it is linked to the main text by means of a cross sign between "nascitur" and "ut". The text in the glossa is closer to the source of this passage, i.e. Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.57.10-11: "principalis, ut 'Iulus', 'mons', deriuativa, ut 'Iulius', 'montanus'".
ut a iulo iulius […]
et montanus . sub ¢quibus specieb;bus multæ aliæ species sunt ï

propria qualitas extra natura2am inposita est . et unius tantu2um
priuata2am substantia2am et qualitatem demonstrat · et in rebus
indiuiduis est · quas philosophi athomas atomos
The source of this passage is Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.58.26. Keil's apparatus says that Priscian's manuscripts BGKL have "quae... atoma" (neuter), while manuscripts P and H have "quas... atoma". Probably Ursus read a text of Priscian close to that of P and H. I agree with Keil, who corrects "atoma" of all manuscripts to "atomos" ("quas... atomos"). "Atomos" agrees with the previous "quas" because Latin substantive "atomus (or atomos), - i", like Greek "ἡ ἄτομος", is feminine (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
 uocant | ut plato
socrates . et caret naturali co2ommunione · in qua quamuis eue
niat ut multi eodem ŋproprio nomine nuncupentur . sola
tantu2um uoce na2am n¯non intellectu communis substantiæ ul¯uel quali
tatis fit . in qua ŋpropria qualitate etia2am appellatiua intellegi
potest · ut dicendo uirgiliu2um · et homine2em et poeta2am intellego ï et con
tra dicendo appellatiua · n¯non potest intellegi ŋpropria nisi þper excel
lentia2am loco ŋpropriæ qualitatis accipiatur appellatiua . in ¢qui
busda2am þpersonis · ut poeta ŋpro uirgilio · et urbs ŋpro roma ï
solent
plerumq;que appellatiua nomina transire in ŋpropria · ut felix .
hoc in sensu discernitur ï ŋpropria qualitas · eo quod unius cuiusq;que
ŋpropriu2um tantum ostendit · n¯non recipit numeru2um plurale2em ï na2am quan
do ŋpropria nomina pluraliter declinantur . n¯non est ab unius no
mine ŋprocreatus numerus pluralis sed a multoru2um ¢qui illo uocan
tur nomine · ut uirgilios consuete dicimus · ¢quia multi fuerunt
uirgilii ï

propria qualitas separatim secundu2um grecos duas species […]
cognomen et agnomen ï secundu2um latinos quattuor · p¯prenomen
nomen · cognomen · agnomen ï prænomen ideo dicitur ¢quia
p¯preponitur nomini differentiæ causa · primo eni2im quando ¢quis
nascitur · p¯prenominatio ei datur · sed nu2umquam seruo aut ignouili ignobili ·
quia de aliqua re dignitatis imponitur hoc est de scientia aut
ratione aut claritate | ut lucius eo qd¯uod scientia luceat ·
pu
plius
In his apparatus note to Priscianus, Ars grammatica, K 2.57.19, Keil mentions that Priscian's manuscripts GLK have "puplius", but corrects the name to its classical spelling "Publius". I, however, think that "Puplius" is the etymological spelling of the name that the scribe meant to write, so I am not correcting the "Puplius" spelling to classical "Publius" here or elsewhere in the text.
eo quod […] pupu[…] dignus sit ï þper anticipatione2em dicitur p¯pre
nomen . uel q¯quia singulis uel binis uel ternis multo […] et qua
ternis litteris p¯prenotatur ï qui cunctis notus est et clarus habetur
paucis litteris p¯prenotatur ï qui uero minus habetur clarus . in
diget plurimis litteris et tu2um singulis litteris p¯prenotatur
cu2um a uocali p¯prenomen incipit ut aulus ul¯uel ab una consonante
ut
puplius
I think that "Puplius" is the etymological spelling of the name that the scribe meant to write, so I am not correcting the "Puplius" spelling to classical "Publius" here or elsewhere in the text.
ï tum duabus cu2um p¯prenomen a duob;bus c¯consonantibus inci
pit ut gneus gn ï tum a tribus quando prima sillaba p¯prenominis a con
sonante incipit et in consonante2em desinit ut sex · sextus idq;que fit
differentie causa ¢quia alia p¯prenomina incipiunt ab eisdem c¯consonan
tibus ï e contra · marcus þper sola2am · m · scribitur . ¢quia ŋpropter excellentia2am
nullus in eo error fit ï prænomina ab eodem tempore sumpserunt
initiu2um quo romani st¯sunt sociati sabinis ¢qui ad confirmandu2um eoru2um c¯coniunc
tione2em nomina eoru2um suis nominib;bus p¯preponebant · similiter et sabi
ni romanorum et ex illo tempore mansit c¯consuetudo · ut nemo roma
nus sit absq;que p¯prenomine ï nomen secundu2um donatu2um et isidoru2um et plu
rimos os […] ostendit
The manuscript only has "ostendit", followed by a gap (due to completely faded ink) of about 5 to 6 characters. I cannot find a possible integration for the next graphemes, which might be either "nu", "mu" (or "num", "mum" with an illegible abbreviation mark above), "nis" or "mis".
 nis familiæ quod indicat genus ut cornelius . osten
dens primus fuisset
One or more words of this sentence are illegible, so the specific syntax of the sentence is unclear.
¢qui cornelius uocaretur · ac postea de illius gene
re ŋpropagati filii · et nepotes et nepotum ŋprogenies · an¯nnis dicerentur cor
nelii ad similitudinem patris · aui · ul¯uel ŋproaui ï secundu2um priscianu2um
nomen est ŋpropriu2um unius cuiusq;que ut paulus petrus ï cognomen se
cundu2um donatu2um et plerosq;que cognomentu2um est ŋpropriæ qualitatis quo ¢quis
cognoscitur · et appellatur · ut paulus · petrus ï secundu2um priscianu2um
cognationis co2ommune · ut superius dictu2um est cornelius ï agnomen dicit¯tur
quasi accidens nomen ab aliquo euentu ï agnomen aut ab animo fit
ut magnanimus anchisades
Verg. Aen. 5.407 has "magnanimusque Anchisiades". Note the different spelling: Vergil has "Anchisiades", Ursus "Anchisades". Both spellings occur in the manuscript: "Anchisiades" is found twice, in 4r.b.20 (folio 4r, column b, line 20) and in 4v.a.2. "Anchisades" is found here and in 4v.a.1, so I woul not emend this reading in "Anchisiades".
· dictus est eneas filius anchisæ ¢quia
fortem et regalem animu2um habuit ï aut a corpore · ut iulius pulcer
"Pulcer" is an alternative spelling for "Pulcher", so I am not emending this word, but I am encoding "Pulcher" at the Linguistic Layer to facilitate the work of the lemmatizer.

 ouidius · naso · eo quod nares habuit grandes ï aut extrinsecus ut
tenedos diues · eo quod multas diuitias habuit · diuitie eni2im extrinse
cus st¯sunt ï sunt þpersone in ¢quib;bus sunt quattuor · istæ
ŋproprioru2um
The three final graphemes ("r", "u" and the "2"-like abbreviation mark above the "u") have been added above the line.
species sunt
in quib;bus tres ex his aut duæ · aut una ï sine una eu2um id;dem ï ea qųqua2am donatus [2v]
et pleriq;que dixerunt cognomen id est cognomentu2um ŋpropriæ qualitatis |
de qua et priscianus e contra nomen dixit · quod est propriu2um unius cuius
q;que non potest ee¯esse ŋpropria qualitas
The sense of the whole passage is obscure. I cannot find an emendation for the (very hardly legible) words "sine una eum idem". Also the punctuation sign after "idem" is very hardly recognizable, so the words "sine una eum idem" might or might not belong to the sentence "ea quam Donatus...". If, instead, "sine una eum idem" do not belong to that sentence, and the latter sentence starts with "ea quam Donatus", then "ea" might refer to the case in which a person only has one personal name. In this case, the whole sentence might mean that Donatus and most of the grammarians call this unique name a "cognomen", while Priscian calls it a "nomen". A possible translation might be: "That (scil. 'kind of proper noun') which Donatus and most (scil. grammarians) called 'cognomen', that is a denomination of a specific type, about which ('de qua', scil. 'de qua propriorum species') also Priscian said that the 'nomen' is specific of any single individual ('uniuscuiusque'); (this 'propriorum species', i.e. the name of a person who has only one name) cannot be a proper type of name ('non potest esse propria qualitas', lit. 'cannot be a specific/proper type of name')". This translation, however, does not make much sense anyway: if a person only has one name, how can this name not belong to the "propria qualitas"? I consider this passage a "locus desperatus".
ï prænomen accipitur quando ¢quis
nascitur ï nomen co2ommunis familiæ ad similitudine2em maioru2um cum
crescere
coeperit
In this word, the diphthong "oe" is written with two graphemes "o", "e".
ï post hec accipitur cognomentu2um ŋpropriæ qualita
tis quo uocabulo quis cognoscitur ï ac deinde cu2um uirtutem aliqua2am
¢quilibet fecerit aut acceperit uitiu2um · agnomen ei tribuitur · ¢quia agno
men aut a bitio uitio aut a uirtute fit · cu2um eni2im in una þpersona plus qua2am
quattuor ex his accidentiis numerantur
After "numerantur", there is a light "c-like" glyph that I am interpreting as an allograph of the middle dot grapheme.
· non putentur plus spe
cies propriæ qualitatis · qm¯quoniam quod plus est · agnomini datur · ut pu
plius · cornelius · scipio · africanus · numantius · emilianus · ¢quia afri
ca2am et numantia2am et emilia2am subiecit ·
hæc au¯autem nomina · ueniunt
a futuris
infiniti
"From the future (tenses) of the infinite (mood). An emendation of "infiniti" to "infinitis" (modifyring "futuris") might be possible, but is not necessary, if one interprets "infiniti" as genitive.
· mutata · tum · in men · ut p¯prenotu2um ire p¯prenomen · no
tum ire nomen · cognitu2um ire cognomen · agnitu2um ire agnomen
Morelli 1910, p. 292 writes that this passage has no source: "haec autem nomina ueniunt a futuris infiniti, mutata tum in men, ut prenotum ire prenomen, notum ire nomen, cognitum ire cognomen, agnitum ire agnomen".
.
inue
niuntur in his · multa inuicem
ŋpro
This grapheme looks like a "p" with both a bottom-left tail (which would make it a "ŋ" grapheme, abbreviation for "pro") and a horizontal dash crossing the descending trait (which would make it a "þ" grapheme, abbreviation for "per"). Probably the same hand first wrote the abbreviation for "per", than changed his mind and added the bottom-left tail that made it an abbreviation for "pro".
se posita quæ in aliis þpersonis
st¯sunt p¯prenomina · et in aliis eadem nomina uel in aliis cognomina · in
aliis eadem agnomina ul¯uel nomina ul¯uel contra ut cicero ¢qui primus ab
abitu habitu
Omission of the initial "h", unvoiced at the time of the scribe.
 faciei dictus ÷est hoc habuit agnomen · familiæ uero eius cogno
men fuit |
appellatiua qualitas naturaliter co2ommune est
multoru2um · qųquos iungit eadem substantia ul¯uel qualitas aut quantitas
generalis uel specialis . et in multoru2um significatione c¯consistit . generalis
ut corpus · specialis ut homo albus magnus · hec appellatiua quæ
sumuntur a qualitate uel quantitate que adiectiua noscuntur ·
eo quod aliis appellatiuis substantia2am significantibus · uel etiam
ŋpropriis adici solent . ad manifestanda2am eorum qualitatem et quanti
tatem · que augeri uel minui · sine substantiæ consu2umptione n¯non posst¯sunt ·
ut bonum animal · magnus homo · ŋpropriæ ŋproprie co2ommunia sunt multo
ru2um
The main clause of this long sentence is "haec appellatiua (line 2v.a.23) ... proprie communia sunt multorum".
. appellatiua qualitas cu2um sit res multoru2um · recipit tamen
singulare2em numeru2um qm¯quoniam in multis tenetur unus .
The rest of the line is blank, and is filled with a note from another hand, in a different script and black (not brown) ink. In the rest of the column, the same black ink was used to restore faded graphemes.

 appellatiuoru2um species sunt
xxxiiii
In the ensuing list in Ursus, I count no less than 40 types (42 if we include "primitiuae" and "deriuatiuae"). The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.59.9, does not mention the number of the species, but simply writes: "Appellatiuorum multae sunt species".
· quaru2um alie st¯sunt co2ommunes
cu2um ŋpropriis . siue sint primitiuæ siue deriuatiuæ
sunt
This portion of the page was either damaged or (more probably) erased, then the word was written by another hand in black ink.
corpora
les : sunt incorporales
The word "sunt" and the first three graphemes of "incorporales" ("inc") are written in black ink, possibly over a correction. "Sunt" is written above the line.
. omonima homonyma
Two errors: missing initial "h" and "i"/"y" mistake.
 synonima synonyma
The initial "s" in "synonima" (sic) is written with black ink.
quæ et polionima polyonyma · adiec
tiua · ad ali¢quid dicta quasi ad ali¢quid dicta . ad ali¢quid æqualiter
ce habentia
gentile
The initial "g" is written in black ink. It is apparent here that the first hand (writing in brown ink) had written this "g" with its regular shape and size, and the second hand (writing in black ink) derased the original "g" and wrote it over the rasura with a larger grapheme in uncial script. All initial graphemes of words denoting a "species" of appellatiuum nomen in lines 31-35 are in black ink. Some of them are clearly written in rasura.
patriu2um
The larger initial grapheme is written in black ink over a rasura (same situation as "gentile" above).
· interrogatiua infinita
relatiua
The larger initial grapheme is written in black ink over a rasura (same situation as "gentile" above).

 demonstratiua et similitudinis ¦ collectiua ¦ diuidua ¦ facticia ¦ ge
neralis ¦ specialis ¦ ordinalis ¦ numeralis ¦ absoluta ¦ temporalis ¦ lo
calis ¦ patronomica patronymica
The source Priscianus, Ars grammatica, K 2.60.2, has "patronymicum".
 ¦ possessiua ¦ co2omparatiua ¦ suþperlatiua ¦ dimi
nutiua ¦ denominatiua · in qua intellegitur et comp¯prehensiua ¦
uerbialis
The direct source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.60.4 has "uerbalia". The form "uerbialia" is in Pompeius, "Commentum Artis Donati", K 5.149.1. Lewis-Short has a lemma "uerbialis, e, adf.", but reports Pompeius as the only example. Based on a search on the PHI 5.3 corpus with Diogenes 3.2.0, the adjective does never occur in classical Latin.
¦ participialis ¦ aduerbialis ¦ primitiua ¦ deriuatiua ¦
sono diminutiua ¦ tota greca ¦ tota c¯conuersa in latina2am regula2am ¦
notha ¦ qualitatis ¦ quantitatis · est corporalis species
in appellatiuis · quæ uideri ul¯uel tangi potest · ut homo · est
et in ŋpropriis ut petrus | incorporalis species est quæ caret corpore
unde nec uideri nec tangi potest quæ et in appellatiuis
÷est
This allograph of the "÷" grapheme (logograph for "est") has a comma-like sign below the horizonta line and a regular dot above that line.
ut
uirtus et in ŋpropriis ut pudicitia | omonima homonyma
Two errors: missing initial "h" and "i"/"y" mistake.
 ÷est quasi unino
mia dicta · eo qd¯quod uno nomine multa significat · ut nepos et fi
lius filii · et luxuriosus et consumptor reru2um suaru2um intellegitur ·
acies et ferri
For "acies ferri", see Plin., Naturalis Historia, 7.64.5: "acies ferri praestringitur" (from the same work, also see 7.63.3: "ea est caro informis, inanima, ferri ictum et aciem respuens"; 13.142.7: "sentire eum se capi durarique cornus modo et hebetare aciem ferri" 19.11.4: "ferri aciem vincunt"; 27.10.5: "quae cotibus in ferri acie deterenda"; 34.144.3: "nucleusque quidam ferri excoquitur in iis ad indurandam aciem"; 34.145.4: "neque alia genera ferri ex mera acie temperantur"; 34.154.1: "squama quoque ferri in usu est ex acie aut mucronibus".
et oculoru2um et exercitus intellegitur · sic tumulus et tu
mens tellus et sepulchru2um · et mons breuis | hæc in appellatiuis st¯sunt ·
potest et in ŋpropriis ee¯esse · ut pyrrhus filius achillis · et pyrrhus rex
epyrotarum . sunt omonima homonyma
Two errors: missing initial "h" and "i"/"y" mistake.
 eadem ŋpropria et appellatiua ut
magnus pompeius et magnus ciuis · synonima synonyma ul¯uel polionima polyonyma
Scribal error: "polionima" for "polyonyma".
species est quæ in qua
The handwriting here is clear, but the syntax does now work with "quae" as nominative here.
 in plurimis nominibus una est significatio ·
et in appellatiuis fit · ut terra · humus · tellus · hæc tria unu2um sig
nificant · similiter ensis mucro gladius · et in ŋpropriis fit ut pupli
us publi
us
I think that "Puplius" is the etymological spelling of the name that the scribe meant to write, so I am not correcting the "Puplius" spelling to classical "Publius" here or elsewhere in the text.
 cornelius scipio · africanus unu2um significantia | hoc etia2am appel
latur dionyma uel trionyma uel tetronyma qd¯quod in ŋpropriis fit ·
adiectiua species est quæ ŋpropriis uel appellatiuis adicitur · sig
nificans · laudem · ut iustus aut uituperatione2em ut iniustus · ul¯uel
mediu2um quod inter utru2umq;que est ut magnus . hoc et in laude dicit¯tur ·
ut magnus imperator et in uituperio · ut magnus latro uel
fur | uel accidens uniuscuiusq;que ut niger corbus · altu2um mare ·
hæc co2omparantur | fit hoc et in ŋpropriis · ut gradibus gradiuus
In the fourth position ("graDibus") two graphemes (a "u" and a "d") are overwritten one in the place of the other. Also in the sixth position ("gradiBus"), two graphemes (a "b" and a "d") are overwritten in the same way. A second hand corrected the original graphemes of the first hand in these positions. What is unclear from the manuscript is which graphemes were written by the first hand and which were written by the second hand. All manuscripts of the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.60.12) have "Gradiuus Mars": I think that this was the text that Ursus could read. How did the error arise? One hypothesis is that the first hand wrote "grauidus" and the second corrected to "gradibus", which is in its turn a misspelling for "gradiuus" (with the very common scribal error "b for u", due to the scribe's pronunciation of "b"). A second hypothesis is that the first hand wrote "gradibus" and the second scribe did not understand that it was a misspelled form of "gradiuus" and mistakingly corrected it to the common adjective "grauidus". In either case, I would correct the form back to Priscian's "Gradiuus".
 mars · enno
sigeus neptunus · ¢quirinus romulus · sed hæc n¯non conparantur ¢quia ŋproprio
ru2um loco accipiuntur · nec egent alioru2um c¯coniunctione
quæ2em admodu2um
Strangely enough, "em" here is abbreviated with "e caudatum" and the "2" abbreviation sign. Also, while we tend to write "quemadmodum" as one word, and as such I am encoding it at the Lingustic Layer, the scribe spells it as two words, with a graphical space in between: "quem" "admodum". In consideration of the fact that the scribe often writes "ad" with no space after it, it might also be that the scribe is writing this expression as three separate words: "quem", "ad" and "modum".

 p¯predicta co2ommunia | sumitur hæc adiectiua species uel ab animi
qualitate ul¯uel quantitate · ut prudens magnanimus · ul¯uel a corpo
ris qualitate uel quantitate · ut albus longus ul¯uel ab extrin
secus accidentiu2um ut diues felix · ad ali¢quid dicta species est · qųquæ
sine intellectu illius ad quod dictum dicta
The implied subject of the relative clause should be feminine "ad quod (illa species) dicta est" and thus require "dicta est", as opposed to the manuscript's "dictum est". The source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, 2.60.19) has: "Ad aliquid dictum est, QUOD sine intellectu illius, ad quod dictum est, proferri non potest". So in that case the subject is "quod" and the verb agreement is correctly "dictum est". The scribe probably changed "Ad aliquid dictum est" to "Ad aliquid dicta species est", but forgot to change the verb gender agreement accordingly.
 est ŋproferri n¯non potest ut dns¯dominus
et filius | na2am dicendo dns¯dominus · intellegitur seruus · quod si seruus n¯non esset ·
dns¯dominus n¯non potuerat dici · similiter dicendo filius intellegitur pat¯ter ·
quæ ideo et relatiua dicitur · ¢quia ad alias þpersonas refertur ·
quasi ad ali¢quid dicta species est · qua2am alii ad ali¢quid quoda2am
modo uel æqualiter se habentia dicunt . quæ qua2am uis habeat ali
quod contrariu2um et quasi semþper adherens · n¯non significatur in ipso [3r]
nomine etia2am illud · neq;que ex illo nomen accepit · sicut supra dicta
ut dexter · sinister · dies · nox · non eni2im dies ŋpro nocte dicta est · neque
nox ŋpro die | sicut dns¯dominus dictus ÷est ¢quia habet seruu2um · et seruus ¢quia habet
dnm¯dominum | neq;que dicendo dies potest et nox intellegi qua2amqua2am n¯non dicatur ·
sicut dicendo dns¯dominus potest et seruus intellegi qua2amuis n¯non nominetur ·
si eni2im dexter interimit · potest sinister ¢qui eius uidetur c¯contrarius per
manere · quod in
The manuscript has: "quod ad aliquid dicta (scil. species, subject) non fit". With my correction "quod in ad aliquid dictā (scil. speciē) non fit", the subject is "quod".
 ad ali¢quid dicta n¯non fit · na2am dici n¯non potest dns¯dominus si desit
seruus · neq;que pater si desit filius · gentis est þper qua2am ostenditur
ex qua gente hortus sit · ut grecus a grecis · spanus hispanus
"Spanus a Spanis" probably is a scribal error for "Hispanus ab Hispanis". The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.61.3 has different examples: "Gentile est, quod gentem significat, ut 'Graecus', 'Latinus'", so it is not helpful here.
 a ab
If I correct "Spanis" to "Hispanis" below, this previous "a" must be changed to "ab".
 spanis hispanis
See my note to the emendation of "Spanus" to "Hispanus" above.
 ·
patriæm patriæ
The word, as it stands, makes no sense. The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.61.3, has "Patrium est, quod a patria sumitur, ut 'Atheniensis', 'Romanus'". The simplest emendation is "patriae", which is likely because Ursus already wrote "gentis" (genitive) instead of Priscian's "gentile" (adjective) shortly above (in line 8 of the same page).
 est quod et patriu2um dicitur þper qua2am ostenditur ex qua hor
tus sit patria ut italicus ab italia · samnitis a samnio |
interrogatiua species ÷est quæ cu2um interrogatione ŋprofertur · ut quis ·
qualis · quantus · quot · quotus
Over the words "quis", "qualis", "quantus" and "quot" the scribe wrote a horizontal dash meaning their interrogative role in a sentence. Over "quotus" this sign has the shape of a French circumflex accent.
cu2um seruant suos accentus |
infinita species est interrogatiuæ contraria · quæ et relatiua et
similitudinis dici potest | ut ¢qui qualis · talis · quantus · tantus · qųquot ·
tot · cu2um in lectione graui accentu ŋpronuntiantur ł hæc ul¯uel substan
tie st¯sunt infinitæ atq;que co2ommunis · ut ¢quis qui · uel qualitatis ut qualis
talis · ul¯uel quantitatis ut quantus tantus · ul¯uel numeri ut quot ·
tot · idcirco nomina st¯sunt dicenda et n¯non ŋpronomina ul¯uel articulos · quia
ŋpronomen · uel articulus neq;que qualitatem neq;que qųquantitate2em posst¯sunt os
tendere | collectiua species est quæ in singulari numero multitu
dinem significat · ut populus plebs · diuidua species est quæ
a duob;bus uel amplioribus habet relatione2em ad singulos uel ad plures
distributos innumeros pares · ut uterq;que alter uter ¢quisq;que singuli · bi
ni terni · centeni ł facticia species est quæ a ŋproprietate sonoru2um
þper imitatione2em facta est ut tintinnabulu2um · turtur ·
generalis species est quæ potest diuidi in diuersas species ·
mul
taru2um eni2im reru2um uocabulu2um ee¯esse potest ut
angelus
The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.61.26 does not have this example (it has "ut 'animal', 'arbor'"). The Christian example has been invented by Ursus, like this whole explanation of the "specialis species".
· hoc au¯autem nomine
diuersi angeloru2um ordines appellantur · ita et sapientia siue diui
na seu humana sic appellatur . sunt et in creaturis corporalibus
generalia nomina · ut corpus et de homine et de equo · et de terra et cælo ·
et quic¢quid uidetur aut tangitur dici potest · animal de boue eqųquo
et pecude omniq;que iumento · et ¢quic¢quid sp¯spiritu continetur dici po
test · hæc species semþper a generalitate in specialem forma2am dedu
citur · de multis et non similibus facturis generalis e¯est species |

specialis est unius facturæ nomen · ut homo equus · oms¯omnis
ens ¢qui huius facturæ sit […] […]tu2um · eodem uocantur nomine
na2am alterius […] facturæ nomen esse non potest
sicut generalis quæ de diuersis potest ee¯esse facturis · ea diuidi potest
in specialibus plurimis | ordinalis species est · quæ n¯non totum nume
ru2um in integru2um significat · sed in quo ordine numeri posita sit osten
dit · ut decimus · nihil uero de nouem refert · nisi de uno qui in deci
mo ponitur loco · similiter · primus · secundus · tertius · uicesimus ·
centesimus · millesimus et ceteri | ordinales oms¯omnes declinantur
et mobilis generis st¯sunt |
ordinalia nomina a numeralib;bus nascu¯un
tur · primus uero et secundus inæqualiter quantu2um ad uoces ¢quia
nu
meri
The only way to explain "numeri" here and "ordinis" below is implying "nomen", as in "(nomen) numeri... (nomen) ordinis", so "numeri" and "ordinis" are genitive.
unus duo
dicitur
I think that an emendation to "dicuntur" is not necessary
et ordinis primus secundus · æqualiter uero
tertius a trib;bus · sic et ceteri et oms¯omnes ordinales declinantur · et mouilis mobilis ge
neri ge
neris
Scribal error: dative "generi" for genitive "generis".
 st¯sunt · ut primus prima primu2um | undecimus · duodecimus · ex
una parte declinantur · tertius decimus uero usq;que ad nonum
decimu2um
For "tertiusdecimus" and "nonumdecimum", I think that the scribe meant to write the two components of each word ("tertius" and "decimus", as well as "nonum" and "decimum") separately, and I am encoding them as separate linguistic words at the Linguistic Layer.
· et uicesimus primus usq;que ad uicesimu2um nonu2um ex utraque
parte declinantur · more grecoru2um in co2ompositione fieri solet ut mi
nor numerus ŋproponatur · maiori · et sub uno accentu ŋpronuntientur ·
ut primus
uicesimus
There is a macron over the "e" of "uicesimus". Macrons often mark the long quantity of a vowel, but the sentence before spoke about "accentus", so it might mark the word stress here.
sicut · tertius
decimus
There is a macron over the "c" of "decimus", that might be meant to be over the "e". For its function, see the note on "uicesimus" right before in this very line.
· qua2amqua2am in his ¢quidem or
dinem mutant · sicut et apud grecos · ut decimus tertius · et decimus
quartus · similiter uicesimus primus · sic et þper ceteros · tricesimus ·
quadragesimus · quinquagesimus · sexagesimus · septuagesimus
octuagesimus · nonagesimus · centesimus · ducentesimus · ul¯uel ducesimus ·
trecentesimus · ul¯uel trecesimus · quadringentesimus ul¯uel quadringesimus ·
¢quingentesimus · ul¯uel ¢quingesimus · sexcentesimus · ul¯uel sexcesimus · septin
gentesimus · ul¯uel septingesimus · octingentesimus ul¯uel octigesimus ·
nongentesim;mus
This is a fairly rare case in which the final ";" abbreviation mark is used to mean a final "-us" morpheme.
· ul¯uel nongesimus · millesimus | habent latini ex om
nib;bus numeris dispertiua · quæ semþper pluralia st¯sunt qua2amuis aucto
res · singulariter ea in ¢quibusda2am ŋprotulissent · quæ greci eperizomena epimerizomena
The source of this passage, Priscian, De figuris numerorum, K 3.413.24 has ἐπιμεριζόμενα. The text in this point of the manuscript is almost completely faded, especially the graphemes between "epi-" and "-omena". However, based on the number of graphemes that seem to be in this word, the scribe probably wrote a shorter word than ἐπιμεριζόμενα, apparently something like "eperizomena".
uocant · quippe in multis distribuitur idem numerus · ut singuli
bini · quæ st¯sunt anomala quantu2um ad uocem unius et duoru2um · terni
uel trini · quaterni · quini · seni · septeni · octoni · noueni · deni · undeni ·
duodeni · ex integro et corrupto · na2am terni deni · quomodo tertius de
cimus ex duob;bus integris · similiter quaternideni · ¢quinideni · senideni ·
septenideni · octonideni · nouenideni · uiceni · uicenisinguli · uiceni
bini · uiceniterni · et ceteri · similiter triceni · quadrageni · quinqua
geni · sexageni · septuageni · octogeni nonageni centeni ducenteni
et duceni · trecenteni et treceni · quadringenteni et quadringeni · ¢quin
genteni et ¢quingeni · sexcenteni et sexceni · septingenteni et septingeni ·
octingenteni et octingeni · nongenteni et nongeni · milleni ·
est et
aliud ordo ·
primanus primæ legionis · secundanus secundæ [3v]
similiter tertianus · et quartanus · et quintanus · unde tertiana
et quartana febris · et quintana porta · sextanus et septima
nus · unde septimana dieru2um · octanus · nonanus · decima
nus · unde decimana porta castrorum | na2am decanus et
decuria et decurio nomen · et uerbu2um decurio decurias · unde decuri
atus · et decuriata comitia · a decem deriuantur | sicut a centu2um
centurio nomen et uerbum · et subcenturiatus et centuriatus · ex
quo centuriata comitia · et talia forma deriuata ex omni nu
mero desinent in rius ut ternarius ¢qui tres aliquos habet · simili
ter quaternarius ¢quinarius et semi ¢quinarius · senarius · septena
rius · unde semi septenarius · octonarius · nouenarius · decena
rius · ita et ceteri · uicenarius · tricenarius · quadragenarius ·
¢quinquagenarius · sexagenarius · septuagenarius · octogenarius ·
nonagenarius · centenarius · ducentenarius · et ducenarius ·
trecentenarius et trecenarius quadringentenarius · et quadrin
genarius · ¢quingentenarius et ¢quingenarius · sexcentenarius et sexce
narius · septingentenarius et septingenarius · octingentenari
us et octingenarius · noningentenarius et nongenarius · sed
melius þper syncopa2am millenarius · exceptis · uno et duo e quib;bus
singularis et dualis · et aduerbia ex omni numero inueniunt¯tur ·
ab uno et duo inæqualiter semel · bis | a ceteris omnibus æqua
liter a tribus ter similiter quater · reliqua oma¯omnia in es ŋproduc
ta desinunt · ut ¢quinquies · sexies · septies · octies · nouies · decies · unde
cies duodecies · terdecies · quater decies · ¢quinquies decies · sexies
decies · septies decies · octies decies · nouies decies · uicies · tricies ·
quadragies · ¢quinquagies · sexagies · septuagies · octogies · nonagi
es · centies · ducenties · trecenties · quadringenties · quingenties · sexcen
ties septingenties · octingenties · noningenties · et nongenties · mi
lies · inueniuntur
I expunged the word "inueniuntur" in this position. The original text of the manuscript was "inueniuntur infinitis tamen numerorum...". The source of this passage, Priscian "De figuris numerorum" (Keil 3.415.24-26), after "milies", has: "Infinitis tamen numerorum aduerbiis etiam n interponitur, quotiens totiens, similiter multotiens. Inueniuntur et aliae deriuationes uel compositiones multae a nominibus numerorum, ut unicus...". Probably the scribe initially skipped the sentence "Infinitis... multotiens" (line 24 in Keil) and started copying from the sentence "Inueniuntur et aliae deriuationes" (line 26 in Keil), so he wrote "inueniuntur" (which originally had the initial "i" written with a larger size). Then, he decided not to skip the sentence "Infinitis tamen numerorum..." and copied it after "inueniuntur", but he forgot to erase "inueniuntur", which remained in the manuscript as a relic. The same scribe at a later time (or someone else) then erased the large initial "i" of "inueniuntur", overwrote it in rasura with a smaller size, and also overwrote the initial "i" of "infinitis" with a larger allograph. As usual, I kept the the original punctuation at the Graphemic Layer and put my propossed contemporary punctuation at the Linguistic Layer. The reason why no scribe decided to erase "inueniuntur" probably is that it could seem to belong to the previous sentence, which I do not believe.
 infinitis tamen numeroru2um aduerbiis etia2am
n · interponitur · quotiens · totiens similiter multotiens · inue
niuntur et aliæ deriuationes ul¯uel compositiones multæ a nomini
bus · numeroru2um · ut unicus · ullus · unitas · unio · uniuersus · et un
o uerbu2um · unas · unat · ternitas uel trinitas · septimania septimana
The handwriting is not clear, but after the "n" there seem to be more than just an "a". If so, this is a scribal error ("septimania" for "septimana").
 · senio |
þpersius · iure eteni2im id su2ummu2um ¢quid dexter senio ferret
The quote "iure... ferret" corresponds to Persius, Saturae, 3.48 (urn:cts:latinLit:phi0969:phi001:3.48).
· milia · semi¢quina
rius et semiseptinarius · nundinu2um · et nundinæ · trinu2um · nundi
nu2um · et sciendu2um qd¯quod poetæ sepe deriuatiuis utuntur ŋpro primitiuis ·
uel contra · ul¯uel aliis specieb;bus ŋpro aliis · ut uirgi¯gilius in x tot lecti ŋproce
res bis denis nauib;bus ibant
Verg. Aen. 10.213 (urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003:10.213).
· ŋpro bis decem · et lucanus septeno
gurgite nilus
Keil, volume 3, page 416, in the apparatus criticus writes "Lucan. Pharsal. VIII 444". The edition of A. E. Housman, 1927 has the following text for Lucanus, Bellum ciuile 8.444-447: Syrtibus hinc Libycis tuta est Aegyptos, at inde / gurgite septeno rapidus mare summouet amnis. / terra suis contenta bonis, non indiga mercis / aut Iouis: in solo tanta est fiducia Nilo (urn:cts:latinLit:phi0917.phi001:8.444-8.447).
· ŋpro septenario · sunt p¯preterea simplu2um duplu2um · quadru
plu2um · triplu2um et similia · quæ ŋproprie ad numeru2um dicuntur · sim
plex · duplex · triplex · et similia | que ad omnem rem dicuntur · et
uerba ex his duplico duplicas · triplico triplicas · multiplico
multiplicas · multiplex · dupundius tripundius et similia |
illud quoq;que sciendu2um quod
unu2umdeuiginti
The original hand (in brown ink) had probably written "undeuiginti". A second hand (in black ink) overwrote the first part of the word ("unde-"): the result of the correction is now "unumdeuiginti". The source (Priscian Keil 3.416.6) has "undeuiginti".
dicimus ŋpro dece2em et nouem ·
id est unde unu2um deest de uiginti · uluel unde uiginti · post quem uigin
ti numerus est · quod est noue2em et decem numerus · post unu2um enim
se¢quitur uiginti numerus · horatius in · ii · sermonu2um · unde octo
ginta · annos natus · cui stragula uestis
Hor. Sermones 2.3.117-118 (urn:cts:latinLit:phi0893.phi004:2.3.117-2.3.118)
· undeoctoginta di
xit · id est
lxxuiiii
The glyph for the "five" sign here is pointy like modern "v", not rounded like that normally used for "u" in the manuscript.
· annos habet ætati · hoc est octoginta ·
unde unu2um ł etia2am duo deuiginti dicunt dece2em et octo quod attici
dyoin · deonton dicunt · idem
inuenitur
Over the second "i" there is a ^ sign ("inuenîtur"), whose meaning I do not understand.
in ceteris ordinalibus
numeris · id est triginta et quadraginta et reli¢quis · duo detriginta
ŋpro uiginti octo · et similia
uniformis
The larger font was added to the initial "u" by a second hand.
· biformis · triformis · et similia ·
duo asses · dussis · dupundius · tressis · quadrassis · decussis · uices
sis · tricessis · quadragessis · ¢quinquagessis · sexagessis septuagessis ·
octagessis · nonagessis · centussis · post quæm quem
The scribe mistakenly wrote "quæm", with the "e caudatum" grapheme, for "quem".
 numeru2um teste bar
rone uar
rone non co2omponuntur cu2um asse numeri · deunx · dextans · do
drans ·
bessis
Lewis-Short Latin dictionary writes that the most common nominative is "bes", but also nominative "bessis" is attested: "bes, bessis, m. (nom. bessis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 33 Müll.; Prisc. Ponder. p. 1348 P.)". Source: A Latin Dictionary. Founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Revised, enlarged, and in great part rewritten by. Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and. Charles Short, LL.D. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1879, retrieved from http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=bes&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059 on June 23, 2016.
· septunx · ¢quincunx · triens · quadrans · sextans · sex
cunx · sextula · libra · bilibris · trilibris · quadrilibris · et similia ·
anniculus · ul¯uel
annys
This is the only case in the work in which the grapheme "y" and the alphabeme "y" are meant to encode what we would today represent as a sequence of two "u" alphabemes.
· biennis · triennis · quadriennis · quinquen
nis · et similia · bimus · trimus · quadrimus · et similia · biduum
triduum quadriduu2um et similia · binoctium trinoctium quadri
noctiu2um · et similia · bifaria2am trifaria2am quadrifaria2am et similia ·
bipatens tripatens et similia · bilinguis et similia · biuiu2um triuiu2um
et similia bifidus trifidus quadrifidus et similia bisulcus trisul
cus · geminus · tergeminus · centu2umgeminus · unimanus centi
manus · et simil¯ilia | duum uir · trium uir · ¢quinq;que uir · septem uir ·
decem uir · centu2um uir et simil¯ilia · bigæ · trigæ · quadrigæ · et similia ·
biiugus · unde uirgi¯gilius in
u
As above, the glyph for the numeral "five" is pointy like modern "v", not rounded.
· biiugo certamine ca2ampum corripue
re
Verg. Aen. 5.144-145 (urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003:5.144-5.145).
et bigati nummi · triiugus quadri iugus et simil¯ilia · triangulu2um
cesar in arato · cur diuite lingua grecia precurra2am potiusq;que
triangula dica2am
This passage exists only as a fragment from the indirect tradition: Claudius Caesar Germanicus, Fragmenta Aratea (The Aratus ascribed to Germanicus Caesar, ed. D. B. Gain, 1976), fragment 6 (urn:cts:latinLit:phi0881.phi002:6.1-6.2)
· quadriangulu2um quinquangulu2um sexangu
lum · et similia ł
The rest of the page (three and a half lines) is left blank.
[4r]
numeralis species est quæ integru2um totu2um demonstrat nume
ru2um de quo refert · ut unus duo decem centu2um mille · non de imo
tantu2um ut supra · sed de omnib;bus in integru2um refert ·
de numeris
The phrase "de numeris" does not match with the syntax of the rest of the text. It probably is a heading, as from this point Ursus starts following a new source: Priscian, De figuris numerorum (urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0234a.stoa003).
·
unus una unu2um · duo due duo hi · et hæ
The first hand had written "hi·et·hæ et hæc tres ettria" ("hi et hae et haec tres et tria"). A second hand deleted "et hæc" (after "et hae") and added "hæc" between "et" and "tria", thus transforming the text into what it is now: "hi et hæ tres et hæc tria" ("hi et hae tres et haec tria").
tres et hæc tria
mouilia mobilia st¯sunt et declinantur · na2am a quattuor usq;que ad centu2um · et
mille indeclinauilia indeclinabilia sunt · hi ducenti · hæ ducentæ · hæc ducenta
similiter trecenti · usq;que noningenti ¢qui et nongenti · mille · n¯non
declinantur
The rest of line 8 and all lines until 14 are left blank.

 absoluta species est · quæ þper se intellegitur · n¯non egens · alteri
us nominis coniunctione · ut ds¯deus · ratio ·
The rest of the line is left blank.

 temporalis species est quæ tempus significat · ut mensis · dies ·
annus ·
The rest of the line is left blank.

 localis · species est · quæ locu2um significat · ut ŋproximus · longi
nquus medioximus · omnes hæ appellatiuoru2um species
fere · co2ommunes st¯sunt tam primitiuoru2um · qua2am deriuatiuoru2um | seor
su2um aut¯tem · deriuatiua nomina habent species · de ¢quib;bus singulis
subter tractabimus ·
The rest of the line is blank, and is filled with a note from another hand, in a different script and black (not brown) ink. The note reads: "de patronomicis".

 patronymica species est · quæ deribatur deriuatur a ŋpropriis · nomi
nibus
A large hole in the parchment spans from line 24 to line 29, covering the left side of the page. The scribe wrote all around the hole, so the page damage existed before the scribe wrote the text on the parchment.
patru2um secundu2um greca2am forma2am ex ¢quib;bus
suæ generationis origine2em trahunt | et iun
cta genitiuo primitiui significat fili
um uel nepotem · ut eacides · eaci filius
uel nepos · hæc species maxime poetaru2um
est · þper qua2am specie2em romani communis familiæ
nomine utuntur · ut cornelii dicti st¯sunt a primo cornelio
omnes ex eiusde2em familia et possessiua loco patrony
micoru2um posita usurpata inueniuntur · ut eade2em termina
tione dicatur · ostendens alique2em ex illius familia ·
ta2amqua2am
The "u" is written above the line, with the pointy shape of modern "v". It is slightly different from the glyph that I encoded as an abbreviation mark as "ų" elsewhere, since in this word the added sign is not above the "q" but above the line between the "q" and the next "a".

 si ex illius possessione ali¢quid ostendatur · ita eni2im dcr¯dicitur emi
lianus scipio id ÷est emilii filius scipio · tamqua2am si diceretur
emilianus equus · aut aliud ali¢quid ex illius possessione ·
sunt nomina ŋpropria quæ ad similitudine2em patronymico
ru2um terminantur sed significatione denominatiua sunt ·
¢quia n¯non trahunt origine2em suæ generationis ab eis · de quib;bus nominati
st¯sunt · sed tantu2um a similitudine eoru2um nominu2um st¯sunt nominati · ut euri
pedes euri
pides
Scribal error: "euripedes" for "euripides". The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.63.3 has "Euripides" too.
 n¯non euripi filius ul¯uel nepos sed ab euripo sic nominatus est |
sunt nomina quæ in aliis nominib;bus st¯sunt patronymica · in aliis
st¯sunt ŋpropria · ut timarchides filius · timarchi · et timarchides · ŋpro
prium · etia2am et in omnibus appellatiuis hoc fieri potest ut in
aliis sint appellatiua ut magnus · homo · et cum þperdiderint ui2im
appellatiuorum sit sint
The agreement with "propria (scil. nomina)" requires "sint", not "sit".
 ŋpropria ut magnus ŋpropriu2um cuiuscu2umq;que nom¯men |
abusiue etia2am a matrib;bus · et fratrib;bus · et regib;bus · et conditorib;bus · et
maiorib;bus et auis maternis · et paternis · et
atauis
There is a macron sign over the initial "a" (ātauis). If it marked the long quantity of the vowel, it would be inappropriate, as both "a"s in the word are short ("ătăvus"). The same mark is found in the only other instance of word "atauis", encoded with id w13017.
· patronymi
ca formari inueniuntur | ut
letoides
The source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.63.12-13) has "Latoides, Λητοῦς, id est Latonae". Among the manuscript of Priscian, only B and D have "Latoides" (probably based on the Doric spelling Λᾱτοΐδας), while all the others have "Letoides" (the Aeolian spelling Λητοΐδης). See http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum.
letois · id est apollo filius
The word order "Apollo filius" was also found in the first hand of manuscript K of Priscian. See Keil's apparatus note ad K 2.63.13: "voc. filius post latonides collocatum, deinde vero verborum ordo restitutus in K". See http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum.
·
latonæ ï iliades · romulus · filius iliæ ï a matre · ut meiades maiades
All manuscripts of the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.64.3) have "Maiades", which might be a good correction here.
The manuscript has a macron sign over the first "e" of "mēiades".
mercu
rius · filius maiæ · ab auis maternis · atlantiades mercurius · id ÷est
natæ atlantis filius | a regib;bus : thesidæ a theseo rege | eneade · ab
enea rege · hoc nomen · et in ·
i
I think that this grapheme here means the letter "i" as part of the variant form "Aenidae", rather than as number "I" as in "in book I". The variant form "Aenidae" is found later in the source: it is not found in Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.64.10 - 2.65.6 but in K 2.66.2-3.
· dixerunt enidæ · a fratribus · phe
thontides · unde · femininu2um phethontis · etia2am et phethontiadas
ŋpro phethontidas poetica dixerunt licentia · numqua2am patrony
micu2um superat genitiuu2um primitiui sui plus qua2am una syllaba ·
patronymica si a patrib;bus deriuantur · in des terminantur ·
ut anchises uluel anchisiades ·
eneas
There is a macron over "ea" ("enEAs"), whose meaning I do not understand.
filius
anchisæ
There is a macron over "is" ("anchISæ"), whose meaning I do not understand.
· si au¯autem ab auis
ul¯uel
atauis
There is a macron sign over the initial "a" (ātauis). If it marked the long quantity of the vowel, it would be inappropriate, as both "a"s in the word are short ("ătăvus"). The same mark is found in the only other instance of word "atauis", encoded with id w12735.
· terminantur · aut in · us · aut in · on ł et in des termina
ta masculina faciunt · feminina · in · is · ut atrides masculinu2um
atreis femininu2um et in · us · terminata masculina faciunt femini
na · in · ias · ut peleus masc¯asculinum peleias fem¯emininum · et in · on · termi¯minata · mas¯asculina faci
unt fem¯eminina · in ne · ut nereon mas¯asculinum · nerine fem¯emininum | apud grecos tres su
pra dictæ patronymicoru2um formæ st¯sunt . in des quæ apud illos com
munis dicitur · ¢quia in omni sermone ea utuntur · qua2am qua
"Utuntur" requires an ablative here.
 et latinoru2um
poetæ utuntur | na2am in · us · et in · on · terminata latini rare utunt¯tur
preter in grecis nominib;bus ï patronymica in · des · terminantia · si
uenerint ab eisde2em grecis · quoru2um nominatiuus terminatur · as et
genitiuus · os oy
The text printed by Keil for the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, Keil 2.65.18-2.65.20) mentions three different Greek nominative endings: "Si nominatiuus Graecus in 'ας' uel in 'ης' uel 'ιος' desinat, genetiuus uero in 'ου' diphthongum, a paenultima breuis ante 'des' inuenitur in patronymico". Ursus chose to mention one Greek nominative ending only ("ας"). However, different branches of the textual tradition of Priscian mention different Greek nominative endings, some of which (namely those of codd. R and L) might explain the error of codex Casanatensis for the genitive ("ος" for "ου"). Codex B ("cod. bibl. publ. Bambergensis"): "ac uel HC uel IOC". Codex b (same codex, second hand): "in ac uel ī HC uel ī IOC". Codex D ("cod. bibl. publ. Bernensis, olim Bongarsianus"): "in as uel in es uel in ios". Codex G ("cod. bibl. conventus Sangallensis"), first and second hand: "in as (with 'uel es' written above the line) uel ios". Codex K ("cod. bibl. Caroliruhensis 223"): "in ac uel IOC uel HC". Codex H ("cod. bibl. gymn. Halberstadiensis, Lutherius Krehlii"): "ac uel HC uel IOC". Codex R ("cod. bibl. imp. Paris. 7496"), first and second hand: "in as (with ac written above the word) uel in es (with EC written above the word) uel os (with IOC written above the word)". Codex L ("cod. bibl. publ. Lugd. Bat. olim Gruterianus"): "in as uel in os". As far as the ending for genitive is concerned, the erroneous reading "ος" (for "ου") appears in no manuscript of Priscian. The error in codex Casanatensis might have arisen from a misunderstanding of the text that we can read in codex R or, more likely, of the text that we read in codex L: the scribe might have mistaken Priscian's nominative ending "ος" in codex R or L for a genitive ending.
 · dyphthongu2um diphthongu2um debent habere ante des a · penultima penultimam
This is the direct object of "habere", so it must be accusative.
breuis breuem
This adjective modifies "paenultimam", so it must be in the same case.
 · ut pelias
peliades
There is a macron over the "i", probably marking the quantity of the letter. A macron in the manuscript usually marks a long quantity, but in this case the quantity of both the "i" and the "a" should in fact be short. I am not encoding these quantity marks in the graphematic transcription because they do not have graphematic value, i.e. they do not create "minimal pairs" of words.
·
æneas
There is a ^ sign over the "e" (the "e" between the "n" and the "a"), probably marking the long quantity of the letter.
æneades
There is a ^ sign over the "e" (the "e" between the "n" and the "a"), probably marking the long quantity of the letter.
· na2am uirgilius c¯contra ra
tione2em posuit
ænides
There is a ^ sign over the "i" (the "i" between the "n" and the "d"), probably marking the long quantity of the letter.
· i · longu2um · ante des · poetica · auctoritate . con
uertit · e · et · a · cor¯correptas · in · i · ŋproductu2um · et fecit quasi ab æneus ·
ænides
There is a ^ sign over the "i" ("ænîdes"), probably marking the long quantity of the letter.
ł illa
patronymica in des exeuntia quæ · ueniunt a grecis · es · termina
ntib;bus quoru2um genitiuus · in · os · desinit inueniuntur · et · a · habere ·
ante · des · et i · ut hyppotes · hyppotades · corynetes corynetides ·
sed rationauilius rationabilius · a · debet · ante des habere . anchyses debuit facere [4v]
anchisades uel anchisides sed contra regula2am anchisiades
facit quasi ab anchisios nominatiuo · ea quoq;que patronymi
ca quæ ueniunt a grecis · quoru2um genitiuus · os · ul¯uel · oys dyphthongo diphthongo
terminatur · debent habere · i · ante · des · ut
priamos
There is an acute accent sign over the "i", marking the quantity of the vowel, or possibly simply the stress on that syllable. I am not recording such signs because they do not have graphemic value, i.e. they do not create "minimal pairs" of words.
priamoys priamoy
Scribal error: "priamoys" ("Πριάμους") for "priamoy" ("Πριάμου"). Compare the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.66.39: "Πρίαμος Πριάμου". In line 4v.a.3 above the scribe wrote only two possible genitive endings for this category of nouns ("ος" and "ους"), while the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.66.37-38) has three genitive endings: "ου", "ος" and "ους". Here, the scribe gave an erroneous ending Πριάμους (instead of the correct Πριάμου) to the genitive of Πρίαμος probably also because the correct ending "ου" was not listed among the possible genitive endings in line 4v.a.3.
 ·
priamides · nestor · nestoros · nestorides · peleis peleys
Scribal error in the Latin transliteration of Greek Πηλεύς.
There is an acute accent mark over the second "e" of the manuscript's reading "peléis".
·
peleos
There is an acute accent mark over the second "e".
·
peleides
There is an acute accent mark over the second "e".
·
illi per synheresin syneresin
There should be no "h" in the Latin transliteration of Greek συναίρεσιν. The same spelling for the same word appeared in line 4v.a.22 below.
 · e et · i · ŋproferunt hanc penultima2am · in ei dyphthon
gum diphthon
gum · nos ŋpro ea · i · longu2um ponimus · ut
pelides
There is an acute accent mark over the "i", probably to mark the stress on that syllable.
ŋpro
peleides
There is an acute accent mark over the second "e", probably to mark the stress on that syllable.
ï in his pa
tronimicis pa
tronymicis poetæ non ratione sed auctoritate addiderunt ·
quasdam litteras et abstulerunt | addiderunt ut peliades ŋpro
pelides · calchodontiades · ŋpro calchodontides athlantiades ·
ŋpro athlantides · abstulerunt ut deucalides · ŋpro deucalionides sci
piades ŋpro scipionides
ænides
There is a ^ mark over the "n".
ŋpro æneades | excipiuntur hæc quæ co¯on
tra regula2am ŋproducunt penultimas uocales ·
ido¯eo
I am not sure of the meaning of the final macron abbreviation mark.
 ¢quia apud grecos ·
habent contra regula2am penultima2am dyphthongu2um diphthongu2um ŋpro qua nos ·
aut · i · aut aliam uocalem longa2am ponimus ut
oelides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity. I am not marking it because it has no graphematic value.
For Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.67.9, the direct source of this passage, Keil chooses the reading "Aeclides", but in the apparatus criticus he mentions the reading "Oelides", very common in Priscian's textual tradition. This is Keil's apparatus note for K 2.67.9: "Aeclides] ex aeolides corr. in litura B f. recte: patron. sc. ab Aeclo, Eretriae conditore, quamvis exemplum desidero; aeolides D Hrabanus p. 33 oelides RHGLK".
dema
des
There is a macron sign over the "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋpro demeades
codrides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
lyco orgides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
lagides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
euerides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
lico medi
des
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· feminina patronymica aut in · is · exeunt aut in · as · aut
in · ne · producta2am · fiunt in is uel as a masculinis subtrac
ta · de · ut priamides priamis · peliades pelias · et secundu2um
analogia2am
The grapheme "a" and the abbreviation mark over it were written above the line.

 æneades · feminino æneas facere debuerat sed auctoritate dici
tur æneis fem¯eminino · notandu2um quod si mas¯masculina patronymica · i · longum
habuerint ante des þper synheresin syneresin
There should be no "h" in the Latin transliteration of Greek συναίρεσιν. The same spelling for the same word appeared in line 4v.a.6 above.
 · apud nos faciunt feminina · in eis
diuisas · ut
pelides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋpro peleides peleis ·
ænides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋpro
There is a "x"-shaped cross over the abbreviated word "pro", in the same brown ink as the rest of the text.
æneides
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
æneis · in ne
desinentia patronimica patronymica quæ sunt iadis linguæ · i · ŋproductu2um ha
bent penultimo · loco · si eorum principalia n¯non habuerint · i · ut adres
tos
adrestine
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
nereus
nerine
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· et si eoru2um principalia habuerint ·
i · habent · hæc · o · ŋproductu2um · ante · ne · ut acrisios acrisione · ex quo
possessiuo acrisioneis colonis
The source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.68.10) has the whole verse "Acrisioneis Danae fundasse colonis" (Verg. Aen. 7.410).
ab
acrisionea
Keil (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.68.11, the direct source of this passage) chooses the reading "ab Acrisione", but in the apparatus criticus he mentions the reading "acrisionea" from codices H ("cod. bibl. gymn. Halberstadiensis, Lutherius Krehlii"), and r ("cod. bibl. imp. Paris. 7496", second hand).
id est
danaa
Keil (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.68.11, the direct source of this passage) chooses the reading "Danae", but in the apparatus criticus he mentions the reading "danaa" from codices R ("cod. bibl. imp. Paris. 7496") and K ("cod. bibl. Caroliruhensis 223"), while codices D ("cod. bibl. publ. Bernensis, olim Bongarsianus") and H ("cod. bibl. gymn. Halberstadiensis, Lutherius Krehlii") have a similar reading.
|
inueniuntur etia2am multa eiusdem formæ gentilia ut æmonis hæmonis
Omission of the initial "h" due to the pronunciation of the time.
thessalis colchis argolis cyclas · ias ·
troias
Keil (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.68.13, the direct source of this passage) chooses the reading "Troas", but in the apparatus criticus he mentions the reading "troias" from Priscian's codices D ("cod. bibl. publ. Bernensis, olim Bongarsianus"), H ("cod. bibl. gymn. Halberstadiensis, Lutherius Krehlii") and K ("cod. bibl. Caroliruhensis 223").
· alia ŋpropria · ut ba
chis bac
chis
Haplography error.
 doris pythias |
The rest of the line is left blank. In this space, a second hand has written in black ink a note that reads "De possessiuis nominibus" (with abbreviations for "de", "mini" and "bus").

 possessiua species est quæ cu2um genitiuo primitiui ostendit ¢quid
possideatur ut euandrius gladius ŋpro euandri gladius · inter
patronymica et possessiua hoc distat quod patronymica
tantu2um filios aut nepotes uel qui ex ipso genere ŋprocreati st¯sunt sig
nificant · et tantu2um a ŋpropris ŋpropriis
Haplography error.
 nominib;bus deriuantur · et pleru2umque
a masculino genere descendunt rarissime a feminino · quando
a matrib;bus fiunt et hoc abusiue · et ad solos homines þpertinent |
et secundum gentiles ad deos
eo quod plures credebant deos et ex eoru2um
genere dicebant quos iam homines eorum iam hominum
"(Patronymicam speciem) eorum hominum": "a patronymic kind of nouns of men (regarding men) who (scil. had) an actual origin ('quibus ipsa derivatio') from the gods ('a dis')". See the next textual note for a possible translation of the whole emended sentence.
 quibus ipsa a dis deriuatio pa
tronymica species pa
tronymicam speciem
With my emendation, "patronyicam speciem" is the subject of the infinitive clause. This is my interpretation of this passage: "...because they (the 'gentiles') thought that there were many gods, and said that from their descent ('ex eorum genere', from the descent of the gods) there could be a patronymic kind of nouns ('dicebant... patronymicam speciem esse posse') of those men ('eorum iam hominum') who (scil. had) that origin ('quibus - scil. erat - ipsa derivatio') from the gods ('a dis')".
 ee¯esse posse . possessiua quæ et thetica dicitur n¯non so
lum filios uel nepotes uel ex eo genere ŋprocreatos significat sed etia2am
omnia quæ possunt esse in possessione et non solum ex ŋpropriis sed
etia2am ab appellatiuis deriuatur | et ab omnib;bus generibus nascitur
et non solu2um ad homines uel secundu2um gentiles ad deos sed ad oms¯omnes
res þpertinet .
possessiua species aut a nominibus deriuatur ut
cæsar cæsareus aut a uerbis ut opto optatus uel ab aduerbiis
ut extra extraneus et uel mouilia mobilia st¯sunt possessiua ut martius
martia martium uel fixa ut sacrariu2um donariu2um | possessiua
dicuntur et quæ possessione2em ostendunt et quæ forma2am habent pos
sessiuoru2um ut romanus ciuis dicitur sicut romanus ager .
ex eadem forma etia2am agnomina plurima fiunt · ut africanus
scipio sicut africanus gladius · alia st¯sunt eiusdem formæ quæ ex
materia principaliu2um c¯constare significantur ut ferreus ferro fac
tus · similiter aureus · argenteus · uel ex morbis ut cardiacus uel
a ŋprofessionibus ut mechanicus gra2ammaticus uel a disciplinis · ut
aristotelicus uel cetera quæ possunt habere significatione2em primi
tiuoru2um · formæ possessiuoru2um a grecis acceptæ st¯sunt
hae
In this case the diphthong is written with two graphemes "ae".
, prima in
cos quam mutamus in cus · antecedentib;bus a · breuis uel · i · uel ·
u
The manuscript has the grapheme "u", but some of the next examples have grapheme "y" meaning alphabeme "y". Especially the example "Libycus quod solum 'u' habet ante 'cus'" proves that the scribe had the Greek alphabeme "y" in mind here and represented it with Latin grapheme "u", therefore at the Linguistic Layer I am using the Greek alphabemes "α", "ι" and "υ" for the three Latin graphemes "a", "i" and "u".

 ut
cypriacus
There is a macron sign over the "i", meaning that the sound is short.
·
italicus
There is a macron sign over the "i", meaning that the sound is short.
· libycus quod solu2um · u ·
hab¯bet
This is the first time that I find this abbreviation. It might also be interpreted as a brevigraph, composed of a "b" grapheme with a long horizontal trait crossing the vertical line.
ante cus · quod
accepit a principali
In his edition of Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.69.23, the direct source of this passage, Keil expunges the sentence "quod a principali accepit", though it seems to exist in all manuscripts.
· et horu2um primitiua · si habuerint · c · pares
sunt in syllabis cu2um possessiuis · ut ithace itha
cus ·
The page has a six-lines high circular hole. It already existed when the scribe wrote, because the text is written around it.
alia omnia possessiua · a · uel · i ·
ante · cus · habentia siue a nominatiuo
seu a genitiuo deriuata una syll¯llaba · uin
cunt ea ex quib;bus deribantur deriuantur · et si primiti
ua illoru2um
hab¯bent
The source of this passage (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.69.27, has "et si promitiua illa habuerint i paenultimam", but I think that the expansion of this abbreviation should simply be "habent".
· i · penultimu2um · hæc adsumunt
a · et si · o · hæc adsumunt · i · ante · cus · et non solu2um a primitiuis ·
sed etia2am a deriuatiuis nascuntur · ut troos troicus · creta cre
ticus · italus
italicus
There is a macron over the "t" both in "Italus" and "Italicus", but I do not understand their meaning.
· na2am italia italiacus · debuit facere ·
cyprius
cypriacus
There is a line in the shape of an acute accent over the "i", that could indicate the word stress.
· na2am cyprus
cypricus
There is a line in the shape of an acute accent over the "y", that could indicate the word stress.
facit · mulio mulio
nis
mulionicus
An acute accent-shaped sign over the "o" marks the word stress.
· secunda forma possessiuoru2um in · us ·
pura2am ta2am greca qua2am latina desinit · antecedente · e · correp
ta et ŋproducta · i cor¯correpta · uel o · ŋproduc¯ducta · uel ae · dyphthongo diphthongo
uel oe · dyphthongo diphthongo · e · cor¯correpta · ut
cesareus
There is a macron over the "a" ("cesāreus"), marking its long quantity.
et fere omnia ad ma
terie2em þpertinentia ï e ŋproductu2um ut
spondeus
A macron over the "e" marks its long quantity.
phoebeus
A macron over the "e" marks its long quantity.
· i cor¯rreptum · [5r]
martius
ariusius
A macron over the first "u" marks its long quantity.
·
o
The glyph for "o" has a dot in the middle.
ŋprod¯ductum
The abbreviation sign crossing the ascending trait of the "d" looks like a tilde rather than like a macron.
erous
A macron over the "o" marks its long quantity.
·
eous
A macron over the "o" marks its long quantity.
·
ae
The "a" is not particulalry large, but it is written with the glyph usually used when it is larger then the rest of the text.
· dyphthongo diphthongo
sabaeus
In this case the diphthong "ae" is written with two separate graphemes: "a" and "e".
ï et
hæc habent penultima2am · ae · dyphthongu2um diphthongu2um quæ a feminis femininis
The source of this passage (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.70.46), has "femininis", which is an obvious correction here.
 grecis
in e longum desinentibus ueniunt ï uel a uerbis grecis circum
flexis ut crete
cretaeus
In this case the diphthong "ae" is written with two graphemes "a" and "e".
· hyle
hylaeus
In this case the diphthong "ae" is written with two graphemes "a" and "e".
dione
dionaeus
In this case the diphthong "ae" is written with two graphemes "a" and "e".
· ti
mo
timaeus
In this case the diphthong "ae" is written with two graphemes "a" and "e".
ł
oe
The glyph for "o" has a dot in the middle of the circle.
dyphthongo diphthongo ut
euboea
In this case the diphthong "oe" (meant as transliteration of Greek "οι") is written with two graphemes "o" and "e".
eyroea
While in Εὔβοια above the Greek dypthong "ευ" was transliterated with Latin "eu", it is here transliterated with Latin "ey".
: sciendu2um
est ¢quia solet apud grecos in multis · ei · dyphthongus diphthongus · ante · os ·
inueniri · quæm quam
Feminine "quam" points back to the feminine "diphthongus" in line 5r.a.6.
 latini solent in · e · longu2um conuertere sequente
us pura ul¯uel · a · ul¯uel · um · ut achilleios · achilleus · deiopeia · deio
pea cynekeion cyneceu2um gyneceu2um
Initial "c" for "g".
 · hoc faciunt latini more ionio ·
ul¯uel attico ¢quia illi edein
The source here is Priscianus, Ars grammatica K 2.71.11. Keil prints: "ᾔδην pro ᾔδειν". Kei'ls apparatus to the second word (ᾔδην) has: "11 ᾔδην scripsi, cf. Eustath. ad Hom. Od. XXIII 220 Sturzium de dial. Gr. p. 64 C.". and mentions the following readings in Priscian's manuscripts for this word: "ΗΔΗΝ H ΗΔ.ΙΝ Rr ΗΔΕ*Ν*(Ι) D ΗΔΕΝ K eden GL". The scribe undoubtedly wrote "edein pro eidein", a reading that comes from the manuscript(s) of Priscian that he could read. I am "correcting" the text only to make it match with what we know about the the ancient Greek and Ionian morphology. I remain unsure as to whether this correction is methodologically appropriate. Note that the text written by the scribe is closer to that of codex R (and its second hand r) that to that of codex L. (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
· ŋpro eidein
The source here is Priscianus, Ars grammatica K 2.71.11. Keil prints: "ᾔδην pro ᾔδειν". Kei'ls apparatus to the second word (ᾔδειν) has: "ᾔδειν scripsi ΕΙΔΕΙΝ R eid*n (i) D eiden HGLK". The text written by the scribe is the same of codex R. It is different from that of codex L, which on other occasions was closer to Ursus' text. (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
· dicunt plion
The source here is Priscianus K 2.71.11. Keil publishes: "πλῆον pro πλεῖον". This is Keil's apparatus note for his πλῆον (the first form): "ΠΛΗΩΝ Rr ΠΑΗΟΝ D ΠΕΛΗΟΝ d ΠΗΛΗΩΝ GL ΠΛΗΟΝ H ΠΛΕΟΝ K".
ŋpro pleion
The source here is Priscianus K 2.71.11. Keil publishes: "πλῆον pro πλεῖον". This is Keil's apparatus note for πλεῖον (the second form): "ΠΛΕΙΟΝ ex ΠΛΕΙΙΟΝ corr. in lit. r peλeion ex ΠΕΑΑΕΙΟΝ ni f. corr. d ΠΗΛΕΙΩΝ L peleion G pleion K peion H".
The last part of the line is blank (for about the lenght of a word).
,
et ideo apud latinos hoc fit ¢quia i · pura2am penultima2am n¯non ŋproducunt
nisi in fio uerbo et in genitiuis ·
i·us
Though the manuscript has a punctuation sign between "i" and "us", the morpheme meant is "ius" as a whole. The source (Priscianus, Ars grammatica, K 2.71.13) also has "ius".
· desinentib;bus et in disyllabis
grecis quæ apud illos penultima2am longa2am
hab¯bent
The macron is a horizontal trait crossing the ascending trait of the "b" grapheme.
· et in paucis aliis
in ¢quibus auctores ŋpro · e · longu2um · i · longu2um posuerunt · ut phtius phtia |
dius dia · chius chia langia arius lycius
The words "dius", "dia", "Chius", "Chia", "Langia", "Arius", "Lycius" have a macron over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
et primitiuus ·
chius
A breve mark (˘) over the "i" marks its short quantity.

 corripitur |
lyrcius
A macron over the "i" marks its long quantity.
quod in ¢quibusda2am
lyrceus
A macron over the "e" marks its long quantity.
argia argian
A macron over the "i" in "Argia" and "Argia" marks its long quantity.
|
est quando
The source, Priscian, has a number of examples taken from classical authors that are all skipped in the manuscript. The source of this specific sentence is Priscian K 2.73.10.
abiecta · i · ponunt · e cor¯rreptam · ante · us · ut
hectore
us
There is a macron over the "o" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
more ionico qui in huiuscemodi nominibus abiciunt · i · ut n¯non sit
genitiuus primitiui par nominatiuo possessiui qua2amuis inuenia
tur e cor¯orrepta in his deriuatiuis · in his etia2am ei dyphthongus diphthongus in · i · lon
gum conuertitur sequente · u · loco diga2ammæ eolici argeios argiuus ·
dicitur et argeus · in latinis etia2am · i · longu2um penultimu2um est · ante
u · loco consonantis ut nominatiuus genitiuus optatiuus
There is a macron over the last "i" in "nominatiuus", in "genitiuus" and in "optatiuus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.

 et cetera quoru2um alia a nominibus alia a uerbis deriuantur ł
etia2am et
The phrase "etiam et" sounds like a repetition. The source Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.74.10-11 has "non solum autem in nominibus Latinis [...] sed etiam in verbis praeteriti perfecti temporis et plusquamperfecti".
in uerbis preteriti þperfecti et plus qua2am þperfecti temporis · i ·
siue penultimu2um seu ante penultimu2um
There seems to be a sign between "penultimum" and "sit", marking a graphical insertion, but I do not understand its meaning.
sit corripitur si non tu2um
secutu2um fuerit u · loco consonantis ut
audii
This word has a breve (˘) mark over the first "i" to mark its short quantity.
audi·isti
There is a breve (˘) mark over the first "i" to mark its short quantity.
audi
era2am
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
audieras
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
. sequente uero · u · loco consonantis ubiq;que pro
ducitur · i · ut
audiui
There is a macron sign over the first "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
et reliqua · solet conuerti ·
ei
The source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.74.17) has "ai" here, which would be more consistent with the following example of Greek Ἀχαιός. Keil's apparatus says that "ai" is the reading of r, d and h, while "ae" is the reading of R, D and H (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
dyphthon
gus diphthon
gus in · i · longu2um interpositu2um ·
u
The first version of the text in the manuscript was "solet conuerti ει dyphthongus [sic] in 'i' longum interpositum pro consonante", where "interpositum" was probably meant to modify "i". A second hand added the word "u" above the line, thus changing the text into "solet conuerti ει dyphthongus in 'i' longum, interpositum 'u' pro consonante", where "solet conuerti ει dyphthongus in 'i' longum" is the main clause and "interpositum 'u' pro consonante" is an accusative absolute. I think that the latter (the text of the second hand) is the best one, so I am changing the punctuation at the Linguistic and Alphabetic Layers accordingly (I am adding a comma between "longum" and "interpositum" and other comma between "pro consonante" and "ut achiuus"). The source Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.74.18 had an ablative absolute "interposita similiter u pro consonante".
· ŋpro consonante ut achiuus ŋpro achae
os · cui cum
Probably a scribal error for "cum", which is the reading in the source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.74.18).
 contra dori · ei · in
ae
The manuscript has the Latin diphthong "ae". Among the manuscripts of Priscianus, according to Keil's apparatus, H and g (which is the second hand of G) have the Latin diphthong "ae", while h (the second hand of H) has corrected it to the Greek diphthong "ai".
dyphthongu2um diphthongu2um uertunt · ut
ae
The manuscript has the Latin diphthong "ae".

 ke ŋpro ei ke aethe ŋpro eithe . in latino sermone n¯non solu2um his
sed etia2am ŋpropriis ¢quibusda2am latinoru2um utimur in us · uel a · ul¯uel
um · pura2am antecedente · ri · ut catilinarius legatarius
et qua2amuis forma sit possessiua tamen diuersæ signifi
cationis nomina in his inueniuntur alia ab officiis ut
tabellarius mercennarius · alia a dignitatibus ut ŋprofec
torius p¯prefec
torius
The source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.75.5, has "praefectorius". In the manuscript the word starts with a brevigraph that elsewhere always has the alphabetical meaning of "pro", so we can consider this a scribal error ("profectorius" for "praefectorius").
 prætorius quæ tamen hab¯bent possessiua2am significatione2em
alia ab aliis reb;bus in quib;bus st¯sunt ut collariu2um qd¯quod in collo est · palma
riu2um qd¯quod in palma est id est in laude · alia de ¢quibus st¯sunt ut frum¯men
taria lex de frumento ·
agria
The source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.75.11) has "agraria".
de agris · alia ex his quas con
tinent ut uinaria cella quæ uinu2um habet · armentarium in quo
arma posita st¯sunt | tertia in nus · quæ et diuersæ formæ et diuer
sæ terminationis · hæc hac
According to the classical construction of "utor", this should be ablative "hāc". Though "utor" sometimes takes an adverbial accusative, the latter tends to be singular, not plural. So "hāc" might be an emendation for "haec" here.
 latini frequenter in possessiua significa
tione utuntur ut pompeianus · ex his inuenitur in ¢quibusda2am · a ·
longu2um ante · nus · ut
romanus
There is a macron sign over the "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· in ¢quib;busda2am · e · longu2um ut terrenus · ege
nus ·
abienus
On the possible meanings of this word, see Keil's apparatus to the source of this passage, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.75.19. Priscian's manuscripts tend to agree on "abienus". Codex H ("cod. bibl. gymn. Halberstadiensis, Lutherius Krehlii") has a glossa saying "nomen poetae".
anienus
"Terrenus", "egenus", "abienus" and "Anienus" all have a macron sign over the penultimate "e" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· in ¢quib;busda2am · i · longu2um ut
uicinus
There is a macron sign over the second "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
. in ¢quibusdam
· i · breue · antecedente · g · quæ deriuantur a barbarib;bus ut
oleagi
nus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
faginus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
· et in his quæ deriuantur ab aduerbiis temporalibus
ut cras
crastinus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
. horno
hornotinus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
diu
diutinus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
. in ¢quibusdam
u · longu2um · ante · nus · ut tribunus . in ¢quib;busda2am · r · aut · l · ut diurnus ficul
nus | ex quib;bus alia st¯sunt possessiua ut cesarianus · miles et pompe
iana domus et tullianu2um mancipium | alia et patria2am et pos
sessione2em significant ut romanus homo et romanus ager | et
hæc et alia huius modi possunt habere significatione2em ŋproprio
ru2um cu2um extra natura2am cuilibet inponitur · ut romanus · ciuis ·
et
This probably is the first case so far in the manuscript of conjunction "et" where the final "t" is not written with the one-trait allograph but with the complete two-traits allograph.

 romanus equus · et romanus cuius libet ŋpropriu2um · eode2em modo
ut petrus
The phrase "eodem modo ut Petrus" does not belong to the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.76.10).
. ex his multa st¯sunt quæ inueniuntur agnomina ut
camerinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· alia nomina uel agnomina ut adrianus · ex his
alia deriuantur a locis · ut rusticanus urbanus
In "rusticanus" and "urbanus" there is a macron sign over the "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· alia a tem
poribus ut matutinus a matuta id est aurora · nocturnus
a nocte · alia a dignitatib;bus uel officiis ut
tribunus
There is a macron sign over the first "u" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ante
signanus
There is a macron sign over the second "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· alia a generibus ut
masculinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· alia a mutis
animalib;bus ut taurinus a tauro · alia a materie ex qua con
stat con
stat
Scribal error: "constat" for "constant" (with subject "alia (scil. nomina)", neuter plural).
 ut humanus terrenus · alia a fortuna id est euentu
The explanation "id est euentu" is not in the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.76.24).

 ut liuertinus libertinus · alia a numeris se2emþper pluralia ut bini qua2am uis
poetice singularia inueniantur · ex his alia sunt a nominib;bus
ut a roma romanus · alia a uerbis ut ab egeo egenus · alia
ab aduerbiis ut infra infernus · in · a · desinentia nomina an
tecedente consonante seu uocali eadem · a · ŋproducta et accep
ta · nus · faciunt deriuatiuu2um p¯predictæ formæ ut sylla
syllanus
There is a macron sign over the "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
|
roma
romanus
There is a macron sign over the "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· preter si mutaru2um mutoru2um
"Mutarum" modifies neuter (not feminine) plural "animalium".
 st¯sunt animaliu2um n¯non hoc faciunt
et preter hæc iugurthinus messalinus terrenus | quæ ueniunt
a iugurtha et
messala
The personal name from which "Messalinus" has two spellings: the more common "Messalla" and the rarer one found here, "Messala". The source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.77.14 does not mention the primitive names for "Iugurthinus" or "Messalinus".
et terra et non serbant seruant · a · ea nomina
quæ plurali desinunt in ae · dyphthongu2um diphthongu2um uel in a · similiter
deriuatiua ·
This line only has one word only, aligned on the right side.
[5v]
ex se faciunt · a · ante · nus · ul¯uel · na ·
Keil publishes the following text for the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.77.17: "a habent ante 'nus' [uel 'na' uel 'num']". However, the text that Keil expunges is present in all manuscripts and was the text that Ursus knew.
ut acerræ acerranus · signa ante
signanus
membrana
The source Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.77.19 has "membra membrana".
· similiter ius terminata nomina uel
i·e
Though the manuscript has a middle dot between "i" and "e", the whole morpheme "ie" is meant.
· terminata aduerbia faciunt deriuatiua · a · ante · nus · ut po2om
peius · pompeianus cotidie cotidianus
In both "cotidie" and "cotidianus", the first hand had written a double "t" ("cottidie" and "cottidianus"), in both words but the first "t" was then deleted.
· p¯preter hodie qd¯uod hodi
ernus facit · similiter ea nomina quæ ultra duas syllabas st¯sunt
et desinunt in cus · ul¯uel · culus · faciunt ex se deriuatiua eusde2em formæ
a · longu2um ante · nus · ut rusticus rusticanus · tusculus · tusculanus ·
preter masculus qd¯quod diminutiuu2um ÷est maris facit
masculinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· i · ŋproduc
tu2um ante · nus · disyllaba in cus · desinentia n¯non faciunt ex se haben
tia · a · ante · nus · ut mancus · mancinus · porcus porcinus · in · um ·
desinentia neutra consonante antecedente ex se faciunt deri
iuatiua habentia · a · ante · nus · ut oppidu2um oppidanus · castellu2um
castellanus · similiter pleraq;que tertiæ declinationis faciunt ex se
habentia · a · ante · nus · ut cesar · cesaris cesarianus · fons fontis
fontanus · sol · solis · solanus · ex quo sub solanus · milo · milonis · milo
nianus · piso · pisonis · pisonianus · qua2am uis alii miloninus et piso
ninus · lux lucis lucanus ex quo ante lucanus · ideo pleraq;que dic
tu2um est qm¯quoniam deriuata · a neutris in · e · desinentib;bus i ·
ŋprod¯ductum
This word is a very interesting use case for the encoding of abbreviations. The macron that crosses the long ascending trait of the "d" might well be interpreted as spanning not only over the "d", but also over the first grapheme. The latter, however, already is an abbreviation, since it is a "ŋ" brevigraph normally meaning "prae" (which, through monophthongation, becomes "pre"). So the first grapheme would be involved in two different abbreviations: it is a brevigraph per se, but it is also part of the abbreviation involving the whole word (marked by the macron above it). However, in my JavaScript code handling the XML/TEI code, I did not think of handling a case in which an "abbr" element is child of another "abbr" element. Also, the macron is mostly over the "d", so I am encoding this as though the macron was over the "d" only.
habent · an
te · nus · ut mare
marinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· et ab his quæ pares habent syllabas
in nominatiuo et genitiuo · similiter faciunt ut hercules · erculis herculis
Omission of the initial "H", unvoiced at that time.
herculinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· si sint secundæ declinationis nomina · er · termi
nata · ul¯uel · us · antecedente consonante · ul¯uel ·
i·um
Though there is a middle dot between "i" and "um", the morpheme that the author meant was "ium" as a whole (compare the source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.79.2: "et in ium propria").
· deriuata ab eis
i · longu2um habent · ante nus · ut auster austrinus adulter adul
terinus · mancus mancinus · regiu2um reginus
There is a macron sign over the last "i" in "austrinus", "adulterinus", "mancinus", "reginus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· carus carinus ·
The example "carus carinus" is not in the source (Priscianus Ars Grammatica, K 2.79.7.
ex
cipiuntur ab humo humanus · a mundo mundanus · et ea q;que
I am not sure whether I found this abbreviation of "quae" before.

 ut p¯predictu2um ÷est in cus · et culus desinunt et ultra duas syllabas ha
bent · na2am ¢quia a taurominio taurominitanus dictr¯citur · grecos
sequuntur · ¢qui tauromenites dicunt · gentilia apud grecos
in tes desinentia mutata es · in · a · et accepta nus faciunt de
riuatiua ut metropolites metropolitanus : : neapolites ·
Note that in the manuscript the ":" punctuation sign is used inline to mark the point in which the added word should be inserted in the text, and is repeated in the interlinear space just before the added word: it is therefore a metamark.
neapolita
nus · i · hab¯abent ante · nus · omnia quæ a nominib;bus mutoru2um ani
maliu2um cuiuscu2umq;que declinationis deribantur deriuantur qua2amuis alia
ex eis in · a · desinant ut aþper
aprinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· cerbus ceruus cerbinus ceruinus · ca
nis caninus · formica formicinus · ouis ouinus · sues sus
Based on the context of the other examples, this word should be the nominative singular of "sus, suis". However, the manuscript clearly has "sues". Rather than considering this a nominative plural (which would be in contrast with the other examples), I tend to consider this a scribal error for "sus" or for the alternative rare form of nominative singular "suis" (Prud. adv. Symm. 2, 813).
 suinus ·
na2am ouilla et suilla diminutiua st¯sunt · in nus · et na · et nu2um · desi
nentia si faciunt diminutiua abiecta · n · assumunt duas ·
l · ut unus ullus · una ulla · unu2um ullu2um | bonus bellus | inue
niuntur · deriuatiua · in tinus
penultima
Alphabemes are normally considered neuter in the text. As is it the direct object of "corripientia", it could be emended to "paenultimum", singular accusative neuter. I am not emending this because it could be considered a plural accusative neuter.
corripientia quo
ru2um primitiua · n¯non habent · t · ut diu ·
diutinus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the second "i" to mark its short quantity.
· cras
crastinus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the second "i" to mark its short quantity.
·
na2am constantinus et
clementinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· ŋproducunt · i · penultimu2um ¢quia
genitiuus primitiui eoru2um habet · t · constantis clementis et
me
diastinus
There is a macron sign over the second "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋproducit · i · ¢quia compositu2um · est a medio stando et tenen
do ·
fiscina
There is a breve (˘) mark over the second "i" to mark its short quantity.
sicut et
fuscina
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
corripitur · i ·
piscina
There is a macron sign over the second "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋproducitur
quia deriuatur a pisce · fiscina non a fisco nec fuscina a fusco
nec pagina a pago · nec mutina a muto · nec ariminu2um ab arimu2um
deriuantur · et ¢quia primitiua st¯sunt corripiunt penultima2am · in er · desi
nentia tertiæ declinationis · ul¯uel in ·
i·us
Though there is a middle dot between "i" and "us", the morpheme that the author meant was "ius" as a whole (compare the source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.80.19: "sin autem in "er" desinentia tertiae sint declinationis uel in "ius" facientia genetiuum").
facientia genitiuu2um accep
ta nus · faciunt deriuatiua ut mater · maternus · acer · de cuius
declinatione dubitatur · acernus · alter alternus · p¯preter ut p¯predic
tu2um est a mutis animalibus deriuata ut passer
passerinus
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
|
ab aduerbiis in ra · desinentibus · er · hab¯abent ante · nus · infra infernus
extra externus · etia2am ab aliis ab
I am expunging this "ab". Compare the source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.81.1: "ab aliis quoque aduerbiis temporalibus inueniuntur quaedam r ante 'nus' habentia".
 aduerbiis inueniuntur · r · an
te · tus nus
This "tus" is a scribal error for "nus": compare the aforementioned source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.81.1: "ab aliis quoque aduerbiis temporalibus inueniuntur quaedam r ante 'nus' habentia", and also compare the following examples.
 · habentia · ut noctu · nocturnus · diu diurnus · heri alternita
tis causa hesternus · etia2am in teria desinentia ita faciunt deriua
tiua ut fabrateria fabraternus · sabrateria sabraternus · etas
æternus facit et uetus ueternus · n¯non solu2um ueteranus sed et alias sig
nificationes hab¯abet · quærcus quercus
"E caudatum" grapheme for "e".
 quærnus quernus
Same error as above: "e caudatum" grapheme for "e".
 corylus colurnus · tacitus
taciturnus · mensus mensis
This probably is a banal scribal error for "mensis". The source Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.81.12, has: "'mensis mensurnus': sic enim Cicero posuit pro 'menstruus' in primo rhetoricorum: pars quaedam aeternitatis cum alicuius annui, mensurni, diurni, nocturni, uespertini certa significatione". Keil has a crux desperationis between "nocturni" and "uespertini".
 mensurnus · ab hieme ul¯uel imbre hibernus
in ·
i·a
Though there is a middle dot between "i" and "a", the morpheme that the author meant was "ia" as a whole (compare the source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.81.15: "in 'ia' desinentia n antecedente", and compare the following examples).
· desinentia · ante cedente · n · mutant · ia · in · us · ut hispania
hispanus ·
dardanu2um
There is a breve (˘) mark over the second "a" to mark its short quantity.
ŋpropriu2um ÷est et primitiuu2um · ideo · a · cor¯orreptum · hab¯abet pe
nultimu2um abusiue poetæ dardanu2um ŋpro dardanio ponunt · si uero
ante ·
i·a
Though there is a middle dot between "i" and "a", the morpheme that the author meant was "ia" as a whole.
· n¯non · n · sed alia2am qua2am libet consonante2em habuerint primi
tiua ·
deriuata
In this case, exceptionally, a larger initial does not mark the beginning of a new complex sentence or paragraph.
ab eis · i · longu2um hab¯abent ante nus · ut luceria luce
rinus · anagnia ¢quia · g · ante · n · hab¯abet anagnia[…]s anagninus
The source has "Anagninus", but the last legible grapheme is almost certainly an "a", so the original reading of the manuscript must have been different. The pergamene surface is damaged in this point.
 facit · ab ur
biu2um nominib;bus deriuata in tes desinentia apud grecos ut p¯predictu2um
est in tanus efferuntur pleru2umq;que ut
neapolites
There is a macron sign over the "i" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
neapolita
nus
There is a macron sign over the second "a" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
| gnus · gna · gnum · terminantia longa2am hab¯abent penulti
ma2am ut
regnu2um
There is a macron sign over the "e" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
pelignus priuignus · inueniuntur · ul¯uel auctori
tate ueteru2um ul¯uel euphoniæ · quæda2am n¯non seruantia supradictas re
gulas maxime in ŋpropriis ut ligus liguris ligurinus · n¯non liguria
nus · censor censoris censorinus · n¯non censorianus ł qua2am uis di
uersas significationes habeant nomina supradictæ for
mæ tamen ¢quia maxima eoru2um pars possessiuoru2um demons
tratione2em hab¯abet apud latinos · ideo hæc posuimus inter spe
cies possessiuorum | sciendu2um quod deriuatiuoru2um · in · is · et er ·
terminantiu2um · multa inueniuntur · apud nos possessiuæ sig
nificationis ut ciuilis hostilis · equester · pedester quæ et uariæ
formæ st¯sunt et uariæ significationis
The rest of the line is left blank.
|
[6r]
A marginal note written on top of the column in black ink has "De comparatiuis".
comparatiua species ÷est quæ cu2um intellectu positiui ul¯uel cu2um aliquo
participe sensu positiui significat magis aduerbiu2um
I should inquire better to check whether there is a source for this section.
cu2um intel
lectu positiui ex alterius conlatione alteru2um p¯preferre ostenditur hoc
modo · iste doctus ÷est sed ille doctior ·
isto
The final "o" comes from the deletion of a previous "e".
est · id est magis doctus qua2am
iste | comparatio ÷est nomen mentis adsimilantis precellentia2am in cre
aturis ·
n¯non eni2im ipsa nomina co2omparamus sed creaturas quaru2um ipsa no
mina sunt | ad alique2em participe2em sensu2um positiui fit co2omparatio
hoc mo
do ulterior id est magis ultra stat iste qua2am ille ¢qui ultra stat ·
similiter interior magis intra | n¯non eni2im ad ultra ul¯uel intra aduerbia fit com
paratio ex ¢quib;bus deriuati uidentur · sed ad þpersonas ul¯uel res participes aduer
bioru2um · id ÷est quæ ultra ul¯uel intra · stare conspiciuntur · ipsos au¯autem excel
lere ostenditur | hic cui ulterior ul¯uel interior adiungi uidentur ·
Who is "shown to be excellent" ("excellere ostenditur")? It might be "ipsos" (if "ostenditur" has an impersonal construction), referring back to the people ("personas", plural) mentioned shortly before. Or it might be "hic" (if "ostenditur" has a personal construction). It cannot be both. In favor of "ipsos" is the fact that the phrase "personas uel res" mentioned before is plural (like "ipsos"). Also in favor of "ipsos" might be the puctuation mark (followed by a larger initial) between "ostenditur" and "hic", however this mark should probably be ignored altogether, since "hic, cui 'ulterior' uel 'interior' adiungi uidentur" cannot be a separate main clause: if it were, subject "hic" would not be followed by any verb. In favor of "hic" is the very relative clause "cui 'ulterior' uel 'interior' adiungi uidentur" (where "cui" is singular, therefore must have a singular antecedent). I think that the case for "hic" is stronger. If "hic" is the subject of "excellere ostenditur", then "ipsos" might be meant as a direct object of "excellere", though in classical Latin the verb does not take an accusative as direct object. My interpretation would then be: "It is shown that a specific person ('hic'), to whom 'ulterior' or 'interior' seem to be attributed, surpasses them ('ipsos')". It should be noted that this sentence is not taken from the source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.86.12-16), but is an addition by Ursus, so a non-classical syntactical construction might be possible.
et in
tantu2um euidenter apparet quod n¯non ad intra ul¯uel ultra aduerbia fiat
comparatio · ut etia2am ex ipsis comparatiuis nascantur aduerbia com
paratiua ·
Though I am encoding this punctuation mark as a middle dot grapheme, in fact it has another shape: it looks like an exclamation mark.
quæ iuncta magis aduerbio ·
This punctuation mark is no regular middle dot, but rather looks like an exclamation mark.
significent
eadem
There is a sign over the initial "e" looking like an acute accent. It might be a stress mark.
aduerbia
a ¢quibus deriuari uidentur
eadem
There is a sign over the initial "e" looking like an acute accent. It might be a stress mark.
nomina comparatiua ł ulterior
uero comparatiuu2um nomen ·
This punctuation mark is no regular middle dot, but rather looks like an exclamation mark.
facit aduerbiu2um co2omparatiuu2um ulterius ·
significans magis ultra ł similiter interior interius · magis intra ł
citerior citerius · magis citra ł exterior exterius · magis extra ł
qua2am
uis dicantur superus et inferus ·
This punctuation mark is no regular middle dot, but rather looks like an exclamation mark.
quæ a ¢quibusda2am existimata st¯sunt
po
sitiua
The two initial graphemes are illegible (faded out).
 superioris et inferioris ·
This punctuation mark is no regular middle dot, but rather looks like an exclamation mark.
tamen a supra · et infra ·
This punctuation mark is no regular middle dot, but rather looks like an exclamation mark.
superior et in
ferior deriuari firmantur · eo qd¯uod in usu · superi ŋpro cælestib;bus siue uiuis · in
feri au¯autem
ŋpro
There is a sign over the grapheme "ŋ" looking like an acute accent.
manib;bus · id est inferoru2um · dis · accipi solent ł
illæ na2amq;que co2ompara
tiones quæ ad þpersonas ul¯uel res participes fiunt positiui ·
nascuntur
The larger initial does not seem to have any particular meaning here.

 a dictionib;bus carentib;bus casu | a uerbis ut detero · deteris · deterior ł
ab aduerbiis siue p¯prepositionib;bus ut extra exterior · intra interior ł
illæ
uero co2omparationes quæ ad intellectu2um ipsius positiui fiunt ·
deriuant¯tur
There is also a macron over the first "u". I do not understand what it marks.

 a nominibus adiectiuis · quæ sumuntur ex accidentib;bus substan
tiæ nominum ł accidentiæ accidentia
Scribal error for "accidentia" (compare the source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.83.18).
 st¯sunt quæ
traunt2tur
The scribe omitted the "h". The abbreviation mark over the final grapheme "t" is unclear, as it was later covered by the metamark in black ink pointing to the footnote.
 ab animo […] a corpore extrinsecus a […] a fortuna […] comparatio
A metamark shaped as a tilde crossed by a vertical line is added above the line and in the space below the column to connect the addition with the text. Both the metamark and the addition are in blank ink.
"Ab animo... comparatio" is added in a footnote. It is partly taken from the source, partly original. The source, Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.83.18, has: "accidentia autem sunt, quae ex qualitate uel quantitate animi uel corporis uel extrinsecus forte euenientium trahuntur".
ex qualitate et quanti
tate animi ul¯uel corporis | ul¯uel quæ fortasse extrinsecus ueniunt ·
quæ posst¯sunt et augeri et minui · unde et co2omparatione2em recipiunt |
comparatio aut auget ut magnus maior maximus · aut
minuit ut paruus minor minimus | sine his appellatiuis co2om
paratione2em recipientib;bus : potest cuius libet substantia demon
strari · nisi eni2im prius substantia fuerit · hæc appellatiua com
paratione2em recipientia ee¯esse n¯non posst¯sunt | dicendo · homo lapis · demon
stratur substantia quoru2um significatio n¯non potest augeri ul¯uel mi
nui · nisi ali¢quid accidens hominis ul¯uel lapidis ŋproferatur ubi et pos
sit co2omparatio locu2um habere · ut homo prudens et prudentior · lapis
niger et nigrior | posst¯sunt hæc quæ plene significationis st¯sunt et sub
stantia2am demonstrant · intellegi sine adiectiuis | adiectiua si
ne his intellegi n¯non posst¯sunt | idcirco et adiectiua dicta st¯sunt quod adi
ciuntur illis nominib;bus quæ demonstrant substantia2am qua2am uis
anti¢qui usi st¯sunt co2omparatiuis in ¢quibusda2am gentilib;bus ut punus punior .
After the full stop there is a strange "i"-shaped sign, which I think is a simple scribal error.
et
in ŋpronominib;bus usi st¯sunt suþperlatiuo ut ipsissimus | fiunt igitur co2ompa
ratiua a nominib;bus ut clarus clarior ł a uerbis detero deteris de
terior ł potior potiris | hic et hæc potior potioris | potest hoc etiam
a nomine potis accipere · qua2am uis alterius significationis sit |
ab aduerbiis · siue p¯prepositionib;bus extra exterior | et a localibus aduer
biis siue p¯prepositionib;bus co2omparatiua nascuntur · ut citra citerior |
anti¢qui citer citimus dicebant | penitus penitior · unde apuleius in
penitiore2em parte2em domus dixit
The quote from Apuleius is only know from indirect tradition, namely from the text of Priscian that Ursus summarizes here (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.85.15).
|
comparationis gradus tres po
sitiuus ut doctus | co2omparatiuus · ut doctior · suþperlatiuus ut doctis
simus ł
positiuus dictr¯citur ¢quia primus ponitur in gradu co2omparatio
nis ut doctus ł co2omparatio adsimilatio dicr¯citur | comparatiuus dicr¯citur
¢quia adsimilatus positiuo p¯prefertur illi ut doctior · id est plus scit
qua2am doctus | suþperlatiuus dicr¯citur · eo qd¯uod suþper excellet positiuo et co2om
paratiuo : plus eni2im scit qua2am doctus et doctior | co2omparatiuus
et suo et alieno generi co2omparatur · et iungitur ablatiuo sine p¯prepo
sitione · et singulari et plurali | ide2em ablatiuus ostendit positiuu2um ·
cui p¯precellendo adsimilatur co2omparatiuus · si uero una þpersona
ul¯uel res posita est in positiuo gradu · co2omparatiuo iungitur abla
tiuus singularis · hoc modo diomedes fortis ÷est · sed hæctor hector
Diphthong "æ" for "e". The same error recurs in 6r.b.24, 6r.b.27 and in 6r.b.29.
 for
tior est diomede . si au¯autem plures þpersonæ ul¯uel res ponantur in posi
tiuo gradu · co2omparatiuo iungitur ablatiuus pluralis · hoc mo
do · troiani fortes sunt · sed hæctor hector
Diphthong "æ" for "e". The same error recurs in 6r.b.24, 6r.b.27 and in 6r.b.29.
 fortior ÷est troianis | alii doc
tores asserunt tunc iungi debere co2omparatiuus abl¯ablatiuo singulari . cu2um
alieno generi co2omparatur · ut hæctor hector
Diphthong "æ" for "e". The same error recurs in 6r.b.24, 6r.b.27 and in 6r.b.29.
 fortior diomede ł hector
na2amq;que fuit troianus · et diomedes ex alia gente | et tunc abl¯ablatiuo plu
rali cu2um suo generi co2omparatur · ut hector audicior audacior
Scribal error: "audicior" for "audacior".
troianis
The first hand, writing in brown ink, wrote "Troianus". The second hand, writing in black ink, corrected it to "Troianis", by overwriting the penultimate grapheme "i" over the previous "u".
·

greci asserunt n¯non ratione qualibet · sed honoris causa suæ gen
tis n¯non posse fieri co2omparatio ad plures sui generis |
Many of the punctuation signs in this page have been added by the second hand of the manuscript, writing in black ink. I am not formally encoding those hand shifts in punctuation.
alii dicunt ideo
n¯non posse fieri comparatio ad plures sui generis · quod cu2um ad plures
fiat comparatio · suþperlatiuo potest uti · ut fortissimus gra
ioru2um achilles | suþperlatiuus significat multu2um excellere
alios · co2omparatiuus etia2am paruu2um · unde apud nos iure acci
pit deminutione2em · ut magnus · maior · maiusculus par
uus minor minusculus · id est paruo minor | similiter et
tardiusculus |
[6v]
dicunt ut co2omparatiuus gradus · ad tres et quattuor ul¯uel plures
iungatur · n¯non tamen ad totu2um genus ł sed contra hæc priscianus ait ł
This punctuation mark seems to be used here to introduce a verbatim quotation from Priscian: an unusual usage of the mark and an unusual use of the source. The specific passage cited here is Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.85.16, a sentence which had not been used yet.

 fit au¯autem co2omparatio uel ad unu2um · uel ad plures ta2am sui generis qua2am
alieni |
nomina quæ co2omparatione2em recipiunt ul¯uel secundæ uel tertiæ
declinationis sunt · secundæ declinationis · uel in er desinunt ul¯uel in
us · et mouilia mobilia st¯sunt · facientia femininu2um in · a · neu¯neutrum in um · ex genitiuo eo
ru2um fiunt co2omparatiua cor¯correpta · i · et adsu2umpta · or · ut niger nigri
nigri
or
There is a breve (˘) mark over the second "i" to mark its short quantity.
· clarus clari
clarior
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" to mark its short quantity.
·
sinisterior
There is a breve (˘) mark over the last "i" to mark its short quantity.
quasi a genitiuo sinisteri ui
detur ee¯esse sed in usu sinistri est ł st¯sunt accidentia substantiæ quæ ad
iectiua dicuntur
Keil (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.86.21) has "Inueniuntur quaedam, quae quamuis sint accidentia [id est adiectiua] et eorum significatio exigat". He expunges the sentence "id est adiectiua", probably as an interpolated glossa, but the sentence was in the text that Ursus read, so that he included it in his own text.
· quoru2um significatio exigit recipere comparati
uu2um gradu2um · tamen in usu n¯non est illu2um recipere · in his pleru2umq;que fit quæ
uocales habent ante · us · utrius arduus strenuus : qua2amuis pla
utus strenuior dixisset · oportet co2omparatiuus co2omparatiuum
Possible constructions in classical Latin include "oportet comparatiuum vincere" (objective clause, like the one I am creating here by emending "comparatiuus" to "comparatiuum"), "oportet comparatiuus vincat" and "oportet ut comparatiuus vincat" (late Latin). Compare the examples in the Perseus Lewis-Short (A Latin Dictionary. Founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Revised, enlarged, and in great part rewritten by. Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and. Charles Short, LL.D. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1879, retrieved from http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Doportet on February 26, 2017): "With subj.: 'ex rerum cognitione efflorescat et redundet oportet oratio,' Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 20: 'me ipsum ames oportet, non mea,' id. Fin. 2, 26: 'valeat possessor oportet,' Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 49." Otherwise, it may be built with "ut and subjunctive" (late Latin).
 uincere una
syllaba genitiuu2um primitiui sui · ut doctus docti doctior · ex his
uero quæ habent uocales ante · us · si comparatiuu2um ¢quilibet fa
cere uoluerit uenit · i · inter duas uocales ut arduus ardui
arduior ł si eade2em · i · secundu2um latinoru2um consuetudine2em inter
duas uocales seruantes uim sua2am fuerit posita loco conso
nantis ut arduior · non uincit
genetiuu2um
The first hand had written "genetiuo". A scribe then corrected the text by overwriting a "u" with abbreviation mark "2" above the final "-o".
primitiui una
syllaba ł et si tres uocales · trib;bus in syllabis continue ponan
tur · nulla interposita consonante fit hiatus intolerabilis |
ut
ardu:i·or
The colon-like punctuation mark and the middle dot are used within the word to mark the hiati.
pi·i·or
Middle dots are used within the word to mark the hiati.
ł ideo n¯non recipiunt co2omparatiuu2um gradu2um · sed
iuncto magis aduerbio positiuo gradui · et
I am expunging "et" as redundant, since the coordinative conjunction between "recipiunt" and "efficitur" is "sed".
 efficitur sensus co2om
paratiui ut iste pius · ul¯uel arduus ÷est · et iste magis pius ul¯uel ardu
us | ideo dictu2um ÷est superius · de · i · ut posita inter duas uocales ser
uantes · uim sua2am · ŋpro consonante accipiatur · qm¯quoniam cu2um sederit · u · po
st que q
Based on the sense and on the following example "nequior", it should be "q" rather than "que".
 · ul¯uel g
The source is Priscian's Ars grammatica, K 2.87.8. In Keil's edition it is: "hoc autem [ideo] dixi, quod u post q uel [post] g posita". Keil expunges "ideo" because codex P (Cod. bibl. imp. Paris. 7530) does not have it, but Ursus read a text including "ideo". He also expunges "post", though he does not report of any code omitting the word in the apparatus. Ursus does not include "post" in his text, so he possibly read a text without that word. However, in the latter case the inference is less strong, since "post" is a waker word than "ideo".
· et post · u · sederit · i · sequente
eu2um
The first hand had written "eam". A second hand added a "u" (pointy, "v-shaped" allograph) above the "a" and also a "2" abbreviation sign over that "u", thus correcting the word from "eam" to "eum". The reason of the scribe's correction is that, in this text, syllables are regularly feminine and alphabemes (in this case the "i" mentioned shortly before) are neuter.
I could not wrap an 'add' element around 'choice' here, as the JavaScript script does not handle this situation just yet.
alia uocali · ut
nequior · pinguior non potest · i · loco consonantis accipi · ¢quia þper
dit · u · uim sua2am ł inueniunt2tur uetustissimi sine supra dicta ob
seruantia fecisse co2omparatiuu2um
ardu·i·or
The middle dots within the graphical word are used to mark the hiati.
· strenuior |
sunt no
mina terminata in · us · quæ inequalia dicuntur · quoru2um co2om
paratiua quæda2am habent · i · breue2em · ante · or · ut bonus meli
or · iuuenis iunior ŋpro iuuenior · quæda2am · i · loco consonantis ·
ut malus peior · quæda2am alia consonante ut paruus minor ·
multus positiuu2um · cuius · co2omparatiuu2um plus · in singulari neutru2um
tantu2um · na2am in plurali co2ommune hi · et hæ · plures et hæc plura ·
antiqui etia2am
pluria
While reviewing the lemmatization, I will have to pay particular attention to this word.
dixerunt · suþperlatiuus horu2um plurims¯mus ·
plurima plurimu2um | nomina tertiæ declinationis co2ommunia
is desinentia et facientia neutra · in · e · ut hic et hæc fortis et hoc
forte
ul¯uel in · er · masculina facientia · feminina in is neutra in · e · ut hic
acer · hæc acris · hoc acre · uel in · er · es · ns · ens · x […] communia triu2um
generu2um ut hic et hæc et hoc pauper · hic et hæc et hoc locuples · hic et
hæc et hoc sapiens · hic et hæc et hoc iners · hic et hæc et hoc audax ·
cor¯orrepta · i · datiui · et
adsumpta
The grapheme "s" is oddly superimposed over the grapheme "d".
· or · faciunt co2omparatiuu2um ut forti hic et
hæc fortior et hoc fortius · similiter acri acrior acrius · pauperi
pauperior pauperius · locupleti locupletior locupletius · sapi
enti sapientior sapientius · inerti inertior inertius · audaci auda
cior audacius
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" (part of the final morpheme "-ius") of "fortior", "fortius", "acrior", "acrius", "pauperior", "pauperius" (not on "locupletior" and "locupletius"), "sapientior", "sapientius", "inertior", "inertius", "audacior", "audacius" to mark its short quantity.
| oma¯mnia co2omparatiua co2ommunis generis st¯sunt · se2emþper ter
minantia masculino et feminino · in or · et neutro in us · excepto
uno senex · quod est unius generis et fixu2um genus ÷est quod uetustissi
mi etia2am co2ommune ŋproferebant · facit co2omparatiuu2um masculinu2um ta2an
tu2um hic senior · feminino · anus · neutro senius
The rest of the line is left blank.
·
nequa2am indeclinauile indeclinabile triu2um generu2um facit co2omparatiuu2um ne¢quior
et suþperlatiuu2um nequissimus | ab aduerbiis in ra desinentib;bus fiunt
co2omparatiua mutantia · ra in · er · et adsumentia · ior · ut extra
exterior · intra interior · ultra ulterior · citra citerior · infra inferi
or · supra superior · similiter post et ante posterior et anterior et
ŋprope proprior · et detero deterior · a sæpe non co2omparatiuu2um sed suþperlati
uu2um sepissime | prior · et primus · cu2um ordinis st¯sunt · differentia2am nume
ri ostendunt · sicut alter de duob;bus et alius de multis · sic prior de
duob;bus et primus de multis | inuenitur prior ŋpro melior · et tunc habe
nt uim co2omparatiui et primus ŋpro optimus · et tunc hab¯abent uim suþperlati
ui · quida2am adfirmant quod prior semþper sit co2omparatiuu2um ¢quia iungi
tur ablatiuo et suo et alieno generi co2omparatur · qua2amuis numeru2um sig
nificet ut prior turnus · qua2am æneas mouit bellu2um ł et primus suþperlati
uus · eo quod iungitur genitiuo plurali ł et sicut omnes suþperlatiui ·
ad multos sui generis comparatur · ut primus se danau2um magna
comitante caterua · androgeus offert nob¯obis ·
Classical source: Verg. Aen. 2.370: "Primus se Danaum magna comitante caterua / Androgeos offert nobis" (through Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.91.11-12).
et quod prior co2ommunis
generis ÷est faciens neu¯neutrum · in · us · quod n¯non fit · nisi in co2omparatiuis et uidetur
a pride2em fieri cor¯correpta · i · et abiecta dem · addita · or · in nullo eni2im co2ompara
tiuo co2ompara
tiuum
If we translate "habet" as "(it) has", the sentence does not seem to have a subject. The final "o" of "comparatiuo" is a correction written over the original final "u" with a "2" abbreviation mark above (for "comparatiuum"). So the first hand meant "in nullo (i.e. 'in no adjective') comparatiuum (subject, i.e. 'the comparative form of the adjective') i productum habet ante or". I prefer the text of the first hand, so I am restoring it. The source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.91.16) has: "quia in nulla (sic) comparatiuo i ante 'or' produci potest".
 · i · ŋproductu2um hab¯abet ante · or | in suþperlatiuo seruauit · i · ŋproductu2um
primus | ex quo aduerbiu2um
primo
There is a macron over "prīmus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ul¯uel prime unde et adprime com
positu2um uenit ł magnificentior et magnificentissimus · mu
nificentior et munificentissimus secundu2um analogia2am a mag
nificens et munificens uidentur deriuari qd¯quod in usu non st¯sunt · sed
tantu2um magnficus et munificus ł cu2um comparatiua ŋproprie
ad positiuu2um gradu2um fieri soleat · inuenitur co2omparatiuus ŋpro posi
tiuo tantu2um positus ut comites senioris aceste
This word is written above the line in what seems to be a slightly different script, so probably by a different hand. It is hardly readable, but the source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.92.8) has "comites senioris Acestae" (a quote from Verg. Aen. 5.301): the second hand decided to complete the Vergilian quote as he found it in Priscian.
ŋpro senis ł est quando [7r]
comparatiuus nulli conparatus sedens ŋpro positiuo · minus qua2am
positiuus significat · ut tristior atq;que oculos suffusa nitentes .
The source of the example is Verg. Aen. 1.228: "tristior et lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentis" (through Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.92.11).
hic
ex parte tantu2um tristis ostenditur | est quando co2omparatur ad con
traria et minus positiuo significat · ut mare ponticu2um dulcius
qua2am cetera
"Mare Ponticum dulcius quam cetera" is a fragment of the Historiae by Sallust coming from Maurus Servius Honoratus, In Vergilii Aeneidos Libros, commentary to Verg. Aen. 1.228.
: hic dulcius ŋpro minus amaru2um ponitur · est quando su
þperlatiuo co2omparatur ut achilles fortior fuit · hectore ŋpro
In this case, the brevigraph "ŋ" (for "pro") is added in black ink by the second hand below the line, but a metamark (looking like an acute accent) in the same ink is added above the line.
fortissi
mo troianoru2um · est quando alio co2omparatiuo co2omparatur · ut for
tior achilles · hectore fortiore
patroclo
The first hand (in brown ink) had written "patrollo". A second hand (in a lighter brown ink) has corrected the first "l" to "c". Compare the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.93.1: "fortior Achilles Hectore, fortiore Patroclo".
· apud grecos non
accipit co2omparatiuu2um deminutione2em apud nos accipit ut gran
diusculus · maiusculus · minusculus · meliusculus · quæ nascun
tur a
neu¯neutro
Another possible expansion for the abbreviation could be "neutris".
co2omparatiui · adiecta · culus · ut grandius gran
diusculus · tam et qua2am aduerbia · tunc iungantur co2ompara
tiuo ul¯uel suþperlatiuo cu2um duo uel plures · co2omparatiui aut
"Aut" is not in the source and I would expunge it here, since it does not make sense. The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.93.16, also mentions the superlative: "cum duo uel plures comparatiui uel superlatiui diuersae significationis positi inter se aequantur uel idem geminantur". So probably the scribe meant to write "comparatiui aut superlatiui", but forgot to write "superlatiui".
 diuersæ
significationis · inter se equantur · ut ta2am iustior qua2am felicior
æneas hectore ·
This punctuation mark has been added above the line in black ink by the second hand, and looks like a tilde.
aut ide2em geminantur · ista dextra non ta2am in
bellis qua2am in
ŋproeliis
Interestingly, the scribe preferred using the brevigraph "ŋ" (for "pro") and then the grapheme for "e", thus preserving the diphthong, rather than reducing the diphthong "oe" to one "e" ("preliis") and using the abbreviation "p with horizontal trait" for "pre". This shows that the scribe was well aware that the classical Latin spelling included a diphthong in "proeliis".
qua2am in ŋpromissis · et fide firmores
The source of this example is Cicero, Pro Rege Deiotaro 8, through Priscian, Ars grammatica K 2.93.18. Cicero's text (in Clark's 1918 edition) is: "istam, inquam, dexteram non tam in bellis neque in proeliis quam in promissis et fide firmiorem". Priscian's text (in Keil's edition) is the same, with an variant "dextera" / "dextra" in the manuscripts.
ł
This punctuation mark was a middle dot "·", but the second hand added a comma-like sign in black ink, thus turning it into a "ł" (stronger) punctuation mark.
est quando
minus positiuo iunctu2um demonstrat co2omparatiuu2um significatio
nis contrariæ ut minus stultus · ŋpro prudentior · et pro solo nomine ·
ut minus bonus ŋpro malus | magis n¯non solu2um positiuo sed ed co2om
paratiuo iungitur cu2um ipse co2omparatur ul¯uel ad se ul¯uel ad alium
ut achilles ænea fortior · magis qua2am iustior fuit ·
n¯non omnia
nomina posst¯sunt ire þper oms¯omnes gradus co2omparationis | alia st¯sunt tan
tu2um positiui gradus · ut mediocris · secundu2um qualitate2em sensus · n¯non
potest dici · mediocrior · ul¯uel mediocrissimus | alia posititui et
conparatiui · ut senex senior · na2am senissimus dici n¯non þpermittit
humanæ fragilitatis natura · alia positiui et suþperlatiui
ut pius piissimus cuius co2omparatiuus dici n¯non potest · secundu2um
p¯predicta2am ratione2em | alia conparatiui et suþperlatiui ut ulterior ·
ultimus ·
positiuu2um n¯non hab¯abet ¢quia ab
This word was added above the line with a light brown ink.
ultra aduerbio ul¯uel præposi
tione deriuari uidetur ·
alia soli suþperlatiui ut nouissimus |

tam et qua2am adeo magis maxime | minus minime · ad
uerbia adiunguntur · positiuo gradui · de illis nominib;bus
quos aut natura aut consuetudo uel alia qualibet cau
sa ŋproibet ŋprohibet
Omission of "h", unvoiced at the time of the scribe.
 non
Lemma "prohibeo" in the Lewis-Short dictionary includes objective clauses such as "non posse" among the possible contructions of the verb: "with ut, ne, quominus, or an obj.-clause". The real problem lies in the double negative ("prohibeo" and "non"), that notoriously affirms. I am therefore expunging "non" to make the sense clearer. (Lewis-Short: A Latin Dictionary. Founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Revised, enlarged, and in great part rewritten by. Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and. Charles Short, LL.D. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1879, retrieved from http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dprohibeo on February 26, 2017).
 posse ire þper oms¯omnes gradus . cu2um aut¯autem positiuo adiun
gitur · ta2am et qua2am et adeo et magis · et minus habet sensu2um con
paratiui · et cu2um positiuo adiungitur maxime uel minime ·
hab¯abent sensu2um suþperlatiui | triformis ÷est conparatio ¢quia alia nomi
na st¯sunt in quibus congrue respondit uox qualitati · ut doc
tus doctior doctissimus · alia in ¢quibus dissonat uox
a qualitate · ut bonus melior optimus · potuerat eni2im congrue
dici bonus bonior bonissimus secundu2um qualitatem sed ratio eu
phoniæ n¯non þpermittit ł
This punctuation mark was added by a second hand, in black ink.
alia ¢quibus qualitas deficit ut mediocris cu2um
dicitur plenus intellectus mediocritatis ÷est · idcirco n¯non potest dici
mediocrior et mediocrissimus ł similiter fidelis cu2um dicitur ple
 nus in eo fidelitatis intellectus ostenditur · nil infidelitatis
habens | si uero dixisset fidelior fidelissimus · ille qui fidelis dic
tus fuerat · habere uideretur · ali¢quid infidelitatis cu2um n¯non plene
fuisset fidei qua ŋpropter et conparari n¯non potest . comparatiuus
etia2am nominatiuo iungitur si interponatur qua2am aduerbium ·
ut doctior hic qua2am ille ÷est omnia co2omparatiua · or · desinentia
co2ommunia st¯sunt · faciunt neu¯neutrum in · us · ut hic et hæc doctior · et hoc doc
tius · et istud in us · desinens · co2ommune ÷est cu2um co2omparatiuo aduer
bii ¢quia oma¯omnia co2omparatiua aduerbioru2um in · us · desinunt ut docte
doctius ·
suþperlatiuus
A second hand wrote in black ink a marginal note with an initial sign looking like a "3" (I do not know its exact meaning) and "superlati..." (I do do not know how to interpret the last grapheme). It might mean "de superlatiuo".
gradus ÷est ¢qui ul¯uel co2omparatus ad plures
sui generis suþper ponitur omnib;bus ut fortissimus greco
ru2um achilles id est fortis suþper oms¯omnes grecos ul¯uel þper se ŋprolatur nulli
suþperpositus · hab¯abet intellectu2um positiui cu2um ualde aduerbio ut
fortissimus hercules n¯non adiciens quoru2um intellegitur · ual
de fortis · suþperlatiuus gradus ex eisde2em formis ul¯uel termi
nationib;bus uenit ¢quib;bus et co2omparatiuus · suþperlatiui gradus
octo st¯sunt formæ · duæ in quas assiduæ assidue
Scribal error: "assiduae" for "assidue".
 desinit · in rimus ut pu
lcherrimus · in simus ut fortissimus | sex · in quas pauca de
sinunt in limus · ximus · timus ·
tremus
The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.94.25, has "remus" here. The manuscript has "tremus", but the two initial graphemes "t" and "r", and expecially the "t", are of a lighter color. Could this mean that the scribe (or a later hand) tried to delete the initial "t" as a correction?
· fimus · nimus ·
positiua in er desinentia · adiectiua siue secundæ · seu ·
tertiæ declinationis accepta rimus faciunt suþperlatiuu2um
ut pulcer pulcerrimus · pauþper pauþperrimus · preter
dextimus et sinistimus ŋpro dexterrimus · et sinisterrimus |
positiua in us · desinentia adsu2umpta genitiuo
es
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.95.7 has: "assumunt genetiuo s et "simus" et faciunt superlatiuum". So probably the scribe had the alphabeme "s" in mind. He normally wrote the grapheme "s" in these cases, but here he wrote the name of the alphabeme as it was pronounced aloud (IPA /es/), instead of the corresponding grapheme. This is why, at the Linguistic Layer, I am simply enconding "s".
· et sim;mus
faciunt suþperlatiua ut clarus clari clarissimus exceptis
anomalis ut bonus · melior · optimus · et reliqui · et ma
turrimus ¢qui qua2am uis uideatur · uenire a positiuo · maturus ·
cuius etia2am nominatiuu2um · quida2am matur · dixerunt quod in
usu n¯non est · tamen serbant seruant regula2am in · er · desinentiu2um | etia2am
maturissimus inuenitur secundu2um analogia2am in us · desi
nentiu2um . nuþperrimus anti¢qui dixerunt · unde aduerbiu2um nuþper
rime ¢qui uidetur nasci · ab aduerbio in · er · desinente · ¢quia no
men nuperus dicitur a nuþper sicut a suþper superus · omnia
positiua tertiæ declinationis absq;que supradictis in er · desi
nentibus · [7v]
assumunt genitiuo simus et faciunt suþperlatiuo suþperlatiuum
If this is the direct object of "faciunt", it must be emended to "superlatiuum". The whole sentence might be influenced by a construction in the language spoken by the scribe similar to contemporary Italian "fanno al superlativo come 'locupletis'". If this is what the scribe had in mind, then "superlatiuo" would be a locative ablative. Also, the scribe may have been influenced by the previous dative "genitiuo".
 ut locuples locu
pletis locupletissimus preter facillimus difficillimus · gracillim;mus
humillimus · simillimus · dissimillimus · agillimus · suþperlatiua quæ
a positiuis · fiunt in · is · desinentib;bus abiecta · is · et accepta limus · et p¯pre
ter in bris positiua
desinentia
There is a macron over the first "e" and the "s". Might it mean that the "e" is long?
mutantia ris · in · er · et accepta rimus ·
faciunt suþperlatiua ut salubris · saluberrimus ·
celebris
There is a macron sign over the second "e" ("celēbris") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· celeberrim;mus
¢quida2am saluber et celeber dixerunt a ¢quibus magis ueniunt suþperlatiua |
et ueterrimus · dicitur suþperlatiuu2um quasi a ueter positiuo cuius c¯com
paratiuu2um ueterior . in ximus suþperlatiua2am suþperlatiuu2um
When "superlative" is used as a substantive, it is neuter (scil. verbum). Also, compare the adjectives "unum anomalum" modifying "superlativum".
 unu2um anomalum
magnus · maior · maximus alteru2um a ŋprope ŋproprior ŋproximus ·
desinunt suþperlatiua · in · timus ut ultra ulterior ultim;mus
citra citerior · citimus · similiter dextimus · sinistimus · extim;mus
qd¯quod ŋpro extremo dicebant anti¢qui ·
extremus · supremus ·
postre
mus
There is a macron sign over the "e" ("postrēmus") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
·
infimus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the second "i" to mark its short quantity.
suþperlatiua n¯non ueniunt ab
extero
During my review of the lemmatization, I'll mark that this is the ablative singular of exter, extera, exterum (lemma "exter" in Perseus' Lewis-Short: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dexter).
: supero ·
postero
During my review of the lemmatization, I'll mark that this is the ablative singular of poster, postera, posterum (lemma "poster" in Perseus' Lewis-Short: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu).
|
infero positiuis · sed ab aduerbiis extra · supra · post · infra |
si a supradictis nominu2um positiuis uenissent · seruassent regu
la2am secundæ declinationis · in · us · terminantiu2um ut facerent suþper
latiuu2um in simus · in · nimus unu2um suþperlatiuu2um anomalu2um desinit |
paruus · minor · minimus · in rimus a uerbo unu2um detero · deterior ·
deterrimus · et unu2um anomalu2um plurimus · in simus · unu2um anoma
lu2um pessimus ·
The ink is so faded out in this point that no punctuation mark is visible. But the larger initial of "nouissimus" is evidence of a possible middle dot before it.
nouissimus a nouo uidetur · ab ante anterior su
þperlatiuu2um n¯non est · a pæne inuenitur penissime · a penitus inuenitur
penitissimus · etia2am et
nom¯men
For the expansion of this unusual abbreviation, see the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.99.22: "sciendum tamen, quod etiam nomen inuenitur "hic penitus, huius peniti"".
hic penitus · huius peniti · ex quo magis
suþperlatiuus comparatiua et suþperlatiua semþper plus habent
qua2am duas syllabas · excepto prior et primus · positiua se2emþper
aut duaru2um syllabaru2um st¯sunt : aut plus · co2omparatiua et suþperlati
ua ul¯uel una ul¯uel duas duabus
Ablative of degree of difference: see "unā" above. In the manuscript, the last "a" in "syllabas" is faded out. Could this be a sign of an intentional erasion by a scribe? If so, however, one wonders why the same scribe did not correct "duas" to "duabus". A similar error (accusative instead of ablative of degree of difference) occurs in the next line (7v.a.28).
 syllabas syllabis
Ablative of degree of difference: see my note to "duabus" above.
 uincunt positiua sua | super
latiuus · est quando suþpererat suþperat
Scribal error: after the "per" abbreviation, the scribe wrote "er" again, so the result is "su(per)erat", but the sense of the sentence requires "superat" here.
 co2omparatiuu2um suu2um una2am una
Ablative of degree of difference "unā syllabā", as in the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.100.25 ("superlatiuus uero comparatiuum est quando superat una syllaba"). A similar error (accusative instead of ablative of degree of difference) occurred in the previous line (7v.a.27).
 syllabam syllaba
Ablative of degree of difference: see my note to "unā" above.
 ·
quando in simus finitur ut iustior iustissimus · et quando
in rimus si positiui nominatiuus · et genitiuus · pares hab¯abent syl
labas ut teter · tetri · tetrior · teterrimus · est quando pares syll¯llabas
hab¯abet uterq;que si suþperlatiuus · terminatur in limus ut agilior agil
limus | suþperlatiuus una syll¯llaba uincitur a co2omparatiuo · si in fi
mus ul¯uel timus · ul¯uel remus · desinit ut inferior · infimus · ulterior ·
ultimus exterior
extremus
There is a macron sign over the second "e" ("extrēmus") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· ul¯uel extimus |
in remus desinens suþper
latiuus sola hæc forma hab¯abet · e penultimu2um ŋproductu2um ut
supremus
There is a macron sign over the "e" ("suprēmus") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
The syntax of the sentence works only if "in 'remus' desinens superlatiuus" is meant as subject and "sola haec forma" is meant as an apposition to the subject.
·
cu2um omnis forma suþperlatiui · i · cor¯correctum hab¯abet ante · mus · ut fortissi
mus |
omnia suþperlatiua mouilia mobilia st¯sunt in · us · facientia masculi
na et in · a · fem¯feminina · et in um · neutra ut fortissimus · fortissima ·
fortissimu2um .
suþperlatiuus semþper genitiuo plurali iungitur · solet etia2am iungi genitiuo
singulari · sed illi nomini ¢qui positione tantu2um est singulare · intellectu
uero plurale · ut fortissimus gentis ul¯uel populi ·
The rest of the line is left blank.

 diminutiua species ÷est quæ absolute monstrat deminutione2em
primitiui eande2em eni2im substantia2am demonstrat diminuti
ua qua2am et primitiua eius · sed minore2em · ut regulus id est paruus rex ·
qua2amuis minus tamen ide2em significat qd¯quod et rex · co2omparatiuus gradus
ut dictu2um ÷est aliquando auget · aliquando minuit eande2em substanti
a2am qua2am a positiuo accipit · sed n¯non absolute sicut diminutiuu2um ¢quia
semþper ad alique2em fit co2omparatio · ut breuior ad breue2em · angustior ad
angustu2um · qua2amuis inueniantur etia2am aliqua diminutiua a co2ompa
ratiuis deriuata · tamen eande2em co2omparatione2em significantia neces
se ÷est ad aliquid ea conparari · ut plusculus maiusculus · minuscu
lus id est paruo plus · ul¯uel paruo maior · ul¯uel paruo minor · qua2am ille ¢qui
in co2omparatiuo est | diminutiua species · se sola2am significat qua2amqua2am
minor qua2am ea sit unde descendit · et nulli co2omparatur · ut regulus
id est paruus · rex · diminutiua ul¯uel causa necessaria
"Causa necessaria" is nominative because it is predicative of the subject, used with the passive verb "proferri": "Diminutives are usually meant as necessary cause..."
significatio
nis solent ŋproferri · ut postqua2am reguli · in unu2um c¯conuenerunt
See Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum 11.2 (edition Kurfess 1957): "postquam illi more regio iusta magnifice fecerant, reguli in unum convenerunt", through Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.101.18 (Keil's edition): "postquam reguli in unum conuenere".
ul¯uel urbanita
tis · ut unde fit · ut ille fraterculus esset gigantu2um
See Juvenal, Saturae (edition Clause 1959): "unde fit ut malim fraterculus esse gigantis", throug Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.101.21 (Keil's edition): "unde fit, ut malim fraterculus esse gigantum". In the relevant apparatus note, Keil writes that the reading "gigantum" is in "Prisc. cum codd. Iuv. interpolatis", that Priscian's codex P has "gigantum", Dd has "gigantium" and "Iuv. cod. Pith. et schol. ant." have "gigantis" (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
· ul¯uel adulationis ·
maxime pueroru2um ut antoniaster patriciolus sergiolus ·
pleraq;que diminutiua ab appellatiuis deriuantur pauca a ŋpropri
is et pleru2umq;que seruant primitiuoru2um genera · sæpe diminutiuorum
diminutiua in diuersas desinunt formas ut homo homuncio
homunculus · homullus · homullulus · masculini generis formæ
diminutiuoru2um st¯sunt · hæc · culus · ulus · olus · ellus · xillus · illus · ullus · cio
aster · leus · tulus · ut ignuculus igniculus
"Igniculus" is the reading in the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.102.6.
 · tantulus · sergiolus · agellus · pa
uxillus · homullus · homuncio · parasitaster ·
equuleus
Lewis-Short's dictionary has both spelling: "equuleus" and "eculeus". The source here is Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.102.10. Keil chooses the spelling "eculeus", of witness r, but reports that "equuleus" is the reading of manuscript L only, while witnesses Gg have "equleus" with a "u" added after "equ" in marginal position. This might provide evidence on what text of Priscian Ursus read.
· nepotulus ·
feminini generis hæc · cula · ula · ola · ella · xilla · illa · ulla · ut
anicula · siluula · unciola · capella · maxilla · anguilla ·
neu¯eutrum gen¯genus culum · ulum · olu2um · ellu2um · illu2um · cum · x · et sine · x ·
ullu2um
"Ullum" is almost completely illegible. But the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.102.16, has it. Two "l" graphemes and a "2" abbreviation mark are visible, though partly faded out.
 ut
corpusculu2um · capitulu2um · laureolu2um · lucellu2um · uæxillu2um uexillu2um
Scribal error: "uæxillum" for "uexillum".
 · uillu2um · ullu2um ·
The rest of the line has the space of a word (about 5 characters) left blank. As the ink in this portion of the page is faded out, it is possible that anoter word (another example) was originally written in the rest of the line. In the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.102.19, "ullum" is the last example, but Priscian's order is not followed closely in the manuscript.

 pleraq;que nomina tertiæ quartæ · quintæ · declinationis · sed tu2um n¯non
The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.102.20-22 has: "nomina tertiae uel quartae uel quintae declinationis pleraque, non tamen omnia, ut quidam putauerunt, diminutiuorum masculina in "culus"...".

 omnia ut ¢quida2am asserunt · masculina diminutiua · faciunt in
culus · et fem¯feminina in cula · et neu¯neutra in culu2um · nullu2um diminutiuu2um huius for
mæ inuenitur · a prima ul¯uel secunda declinatione · nisi si primiti
uu2um eius habeat |
This is a rare case in which the "|" (comma-like) punctuation sign is used as a quotation mark for alphabemes.
c · ut grecus · greculus · omnia monosyllaba
nomina desinentia in ·
es
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.103.4 has: "monosyllaba in s desinentia". So probably the scribe had the alphabeme "s" in mind. He normally used to write the grapheme "s" in these cases, but here he wrote the name of the alphabeme as it was pronounced aloud (IPA /es/), instead of the corresponding grapheme. This is why, at the Linguistic Layer, I am simply enconding "s". This is the second such case in the manuscript.
· antecedente uocali · et in er · tertiæ decli
nationis · et in us · neutra nominatiuo assumunt · culus · cula ·
culu2um · et faciunt diminutiuu2um ut flos · flosculus · mus · musculus et [8r]
os · osculu2um · ex quo aliud diminutiuu2um · oscillu2um pater paterculus · qd¯quod inueni
tur ŋpropriu2um · munus · munusculu2um · tus · tusculu2um · crus · crusculu2um · similiter fa
ciunt neutra co2omparatiua diminutiuu2um · sed mouile mobile · ut maius · maius
culus · maiuscula · maiusculu2um · similiter · et similia · ex ¢quib;bus nascuntur ·
aduerbia grandiusculæ grandiuscule
Diphthong "æ" for "e".
 · celeriuscule · sicut a sæpius sæpiuscule ·
plus n¯non ueniens a masculino et fem¯feminino · facit plusculus · pluscula · pluscu
lu2um | lepus solu2um · in · us · desinens · dissyllabu2um disyllabu2um
Scribal error: "ss" for "s".
 epycenon epicenon
This word is the Latin transliteration of Greek ἐπίκοινον. The scribe turned the diphthong "οι" to a Latin "e", but also made a transliteration error: "epi-" instead of "epy-".
 · siue masculi
nu2um tertiæ declinationis facit lepusculus | similiter positiua in or
desinentia · mutant or · in us · et accepta · culus · faciunt diminutiua
ut rumor rumusculus · uel assumunt · tantu2um culus · cula ut ama
tor amatorculus · soror · sororcula · in · is · ul¯uel · e · ul¯uel · in monosyllaba
· ns · ul¯uel · rs · desinentia · datiui cor¯orripientia · i · assumunt supradictas syllabas ·
ut ignis igniculus · rete reticulus · fons fonticulus · lens lenticula
pars particula | omnia huiuscemodi diminutiua corripiunt
ta2am penultima2am qua2am ante penultima2am · præter · cuticula ŋproducit · i ·
ante penultimu2um metri necessitate ¢quia ex quattuor breuib;bus c¯consistit
qua2am uis in talibus faciat uirgilius ŋproceleumatic u2um ŋproceleusmatic u2um
Missing 's'.
 · ut labat
ar·ie·te
Middle dots are used within this word to mark the metric scansion.
crebro
The source of the example is Verg. Aen. 2.492: "labat ariete crebro", through Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.106.9 (with the same text).
ŋpro ariete
The word "ariete" is repeated two times in this line ("ariete crebro pro ariete"). The difference in quantity of the syllables (that makes the difference between the two forms of "ariete") is marked through graphical marks: in the first "ariete", the allograph of the "r" is the one without ligature, followed by a middle dot. In the second "ariete", "r" and "i" are joined in a ligature.
| excipitur lapis lapillus · anguis anguil
la unguis ungula · quæ habent forma2am diminutiuoru2um sed diminuti
ua n¯non st¯sunt ł quartæ declinationis nomina c¯conuertunt · us · ul¯uel · u · nomi
natiui · in · i · cor¯correptum et assumunt præfatas syllabas ut fluctus flu
cticulus · cornu corniculu2um excipitur · ab acu · aculeus | nomina
desinentia · in · ix · ul¯uel ns · ul¯uel · t · is · genitiui uertunt in · u · et accepta
lus · la · lum · faciunt diminutiua qd¯quod codex codicis codiculus · ex quo co
dicillus · adulescens adulescentis adulescentulus · caput capitis ·
capitulus | tertiæ ul¯uel ¢quintæ declinationis desinentia in · es · ŋproductam
abiectu2um · s ł seruatum · ŋproductu2um · e · adsu2umpta cula · faciunt diminu
tiua · ut uulpes · ulpecula · dies diecula · excipiuntur merces
cuius genitiui · is · in · ula · uersa faciunt facit
As the subject is singular "merces", I'd correct this to "facit". The scribe probably had in mind both "merces" and "apes" as logical subjects of this verb. However, the syntactical subject of this specific clause is "merces" alone.
 mercedula et apes cuius
diminutiuu2um ŋpro · e · longo hab¯abet · i · apicula | uetus omnis generis
tertiæ declinationis abiecta s · assumit lus ut uetus uetulus · ue
tula · uetulu2um · sus · c¯commune abiecta · s · adsu2umpta cula · facit dimi
nutiuu2um sucula · desinentia in · o · c¯conuertunt · o · in · un · adsu2umptis
prædictis · syll¯llabis faciunt diminutiuu2um ut tiro tirunculus · homo
homunculus · dicr¯citur et homuncio · et homullus · et homullulus ·
similiter fur · furunculus · leno lenunculus · et
lenulus
Plautus' text has "lenulle", but all Priscian's manuscripts have "lenulus" (in the discussion) and "lenule" or other forms with one "l" before the final "e" (in the Plautine quote, omitted by Ursus, which is Plautus, Poenulus 470-471: "Ita ut occepi dicere, / lenulle, de illa pugna"). Ursus' source is Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.109.6 (discussion) and K 2.109.11 (Plautine quote). Keil prints "lenullus" in both loci, but in the apparatus for K 2.109.6 he notes that Priscian's witnesses PBDHrglk have "lenulus", while in the apparatus for K 2.109.11 he writes "lenule DHKg lenulae K laenulae R laenule r" (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum). Based on a search on the PHI 5.3 corpus with Diogenes 3.2.0, the word "lenulus/lenullus" is a hapax in classical Latin, occurring only in the aforementioned Plautine passage.
Perseus' Lewis-Short has lemma "lenullus" (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu), not "lenulus". I'll have to take this into account when I'll review the lemmatization.
| desinenti
a in us nus
Scribal error: "us" for "nus", given the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.109.12 "nus" and the sense of the whole passage. However, this discrepancy between the manuscipt and Priscian occurs in the same way for diminutives in "nus" (8r.a.37), in "na" (8r.b.11) and in "num" (8r.b.19), so it might be a deliberate choice by the scribe.
 · siue habeant ante · n · alia2am c¯consonante2em seu · n¯non et in lus · si
n¯non habeant geminatu2um · l · ante · us · et in · er · secundæ declinationis ·
duplicant · l · ante · us · asinus · asellus · pugnus · pugillus · anulus · a
nellus
tener tenellus · absq;que pugillo omnia hab¯abent · e · ante penultimu2um excep
to si primitiua habeant penultimu2um ŋproductu2um in omni genere · tunc
seruant primitiui uocale · ut unus ullus · una ulla · unu2um ullum ·
preter unu2um in lus · quod geminauit · lu · in deminutione · ut paulus
pauxillus · pauxillulus · ideo fit · hoc ¢quia ŋprohib¯bet dyphthongus diphthongus · post
se geminare consonante2em · similiter fem¯emininum et neu¯eutrum uelu2um uexillu2um · et ideo
hæc adsumpserunt · x · ¢quia primitiua · in · lus · la · lum · desinentia ha
bent penultima2am natura longa ut paulus · et faciunt diminutiua
pauxillu2um mala maxilla uelu2um uexillu2um · talus taxillus · ea quæ
geminant · l · ante · us · a um · in · ulus ula ulu2um · faciunt iteru2um dimi
nutiua2am dimi
nutiuu2um
I am emending "diminutiuam" to "diminutiuum". The reading of the manuscript "diminutiuam" could make sense if "diminutiuam [formam]" is implied. However, the usus scribendi of the text requires neuter "diminutiuum".
 · ut homullus homullulus · feminina desinentia in · a na
Scribal error: "a" for "na": see the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.110.12 "na" and the sense of the whole passage. However, this discrepancy between the manuscipt and Priscian occurs in the same way for diminutives in "nus" (8r.a.37), in "na" (8r.b.11) and in "num" (8r.b.19), so it might be a deliberate choice by the scribe.
 ·
siue habeant · ante · n · alia2am c¯consonante2em · seu n¯non geminant · l · ante ·
a · in diminutiuis ut catena catella · colu2umna columella |
excipitur rana ranunculus · similiter solent facere · in la · ul¯uel
ra · desinentia · ut tabula tabella · libra libella · sacer sacel
lus · sacra sacella · sacru2um sacellu2um · puer puera · ex quo puella ·
excipiuntur · in ra · desinentia quæ nec a masculinis · in · er · desi
nentib;bus ueniunt nec in eade2em · syll¯yllaba habent · ante · r · alia2am c¯consonan
te2em ut ara arula · neutra desinentia in · um um
Scribal error: "um" for "num": see the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.110.23 "num" and the sense of the whole passage. However, this discrepancy between the manuscipt and Priscian occurs in the same way for diminutives in "nus" (8r.a.37), in "na" (8r.b.11) and in "num" (8r.b.19), so it might be a deliberate choice by the scribe.
 · geminant in dimi
nutiuis · l · si uero habuerint · g · ante · n · n¯non hab¯abent in penultimo di
minutiui · e · sed · i · ut signu2um sigillu2um · alia neutra in · um · e habe
nt ut geminu2um gemellu2um · excepto ut superius diximus quæ
In this sentence, the initial "excepto" does not agree with "quae". "Excepto" should rather be interpreted as a generic introductory formula, such as "except when...".
penu
ltimu2um primitiui naturaliter
longu2um
The final grapheme below the abbreviation mark was an "a". Then the same hand overwrote a correct "u" over the wrong "a".
habent · in · um · desinen
tia mutant ultimu2um · i · genitiui in · o · et adsu2umpta lum · faciunt
deminutiua ut negotiu2um negoti negotiolu2um · in lum ul¯uel rum desi
nentia faciunt diminutiua · in · illu2um · ul¯uel ellu2um ut tantu2um tantil
lu2um · lucru2um lucellu2um · diminutiua in ellus ul¯uel illus desinentia a di
syllabis deriuata assumunt una unam
Scribal error: "una" for "unam". I cannot see any "2" abbreviation mark over the "a", though the mark might have been there and now be completely faded out.
 syll¯yllabam ut agnus agnellus ·
similiter fem¯eminina capra capella sic et neu¯eutra · p¯preter in nus ul¯uel na ·
l¯uel
Unusual abbreviation.

 nu2um desinentia nulla c¯consonante antecedente · n · pares syll¯yllabas hab¯abent
cu2um diminutiuis bonus bellus bona bella bonu2um bellu2um |
similiter unus ullus · uinu2um uillu2um · ea quæ geminant · l · dimi
nutiua si a trisyllabis ueniunt pares hab¯abent syll¯yllabas ut oculus ocel
lus · preter si primitiua eoru2um alia aliam
Scribal error: "alia" for "aliam" (modifying "consonantem").
 c¯consonante2em hab¯abent ante · n ·
in eade2em syllaba · assumunt diminutiua una2am syll¯yllabam sicut et
a disyllabis deriuata · colu2umna columella · sicut agna ag
nella · desinentia in · us · ante cedentib;bus e ul¯uel · i · mutant · us · in
o · et accepta · lus · faciunt diminutiua ut malleus malleolus | [8v]
gladius gladiolus ·
cap¯pre
Interestigly, the abbreviation "p with macron above" (encoded with the graphemes "p" and "¯" in this edition) is not applied here to the preposition/preverb "prae", but to the syllable "pre" (with no "ae" diphthong). A few words later, the primitive of this diminutive is written without abbreviation as "capreus", so most probably the scribe did not mistakingly think of "capraeus" as the classical Latin alphabetical form of the word.
olus
dicr¯icitur cuius primitiuu2um uidetur ca
preus ee¯esse unde caprea ex quo capella · na2am capra a crapro capro
Banal scribal error: "crapro" for "capro", which is also the reading of the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.112.17.
 fit ·
fem¯eminina habentia · e · ul¯uel · i · ante · a · faciunt diminutiua · in · ola ·
laurea laureola · similiter neu¯eutra habentia e ul¯uel i · ante um · faci¯aciunt
in · olu2um laureu2um · laureolu2um · alia omnia terminantia in · us · su
pradictæ declinationis abiecta · s · addita · lus · fac¯aciunt dimi
nutiua ut seruus seruulus · fem¯eminina desinentia in a · et neu¯neutra in
um · antecedente c¯consonante · fac¯faciunt diminutiuu2um in · ula uel
ulu2um ut silua siluula · et hæc et in · ollus desinentia uincunt
una2am una
Scribal error: "unam" for "unā" (modifying syllabā, ablative of degree of difference).
 syll¯yllaba primitiua sua · in ster et cio et leus desinentia
pauca inueniuntur catulus catulaster · antonius an
toniaster · parasitus · parasitaster · homo homuncio
senex senecio · equus equuleus · acus aculeus · oculus ·
oculeus · sunt ŋpropria uel appellatiua quæ forma2am hab¯abent
diminutiuoru2um sed diminutiua n¯non st¯sunt ut cuniculus anni
culus · metellus · camillus · pauca diminutiua n¯non ser
uant genera primitiuoru2um ut anguis anguilla · unguis ·
ungula · nubes nubilu2um quæ magis st¯sunt denominatiua ¢quia n¯non
hab¯abent significatione2em diminutiuoru2um sed forma2am tantu2um ·
dimi
nutiuoru2um forma cu2um magis minuitur · crescit numeru2um sylla
baru2um ut mons monticellus monticellulus ·
deriuatiua
dicuntur qui et denominatiua deriuatiua et qd¯quod ex alio
st¯sunt deducta eoru2um nomina ut a terra terrenus non ipsud ipsum
"Ipsud" is not a word in Latin.
terrenus quod et terra · sed alia creatura tantu2um nomina
ta e terra ¢quia ex terra condita est ul¯uel in terra habitat ·

denominatiua dicta sunt · eo quod ab aliqua speciali
significatione nominis sic nominata st¯sunt · hæc nominatio
generalis est omniu2um formaru2um quæ a nomine deriuantur id
est · patronymica · et possessiua · et co2omparatiua · et suþperla
tiua · et diminutiua · excepto
uerbialia
The direct source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.117.6 has "uerbalia". The form "uerbialia" is in Pompeius, "Commentum Artis Donati", K 5.149.1. Lewis-Short has a lemma "uerbialis, e, adf.", but reports Pompeius as the only example. Based on a search on the PHI 5.3 corpus with Diogenes 3.2.0, the adjective form "uerbialis" does never occur in classical Latin.
et aduerbialia
et quæ ex p¯prepositionibus fiunt ·
The rest of the line is left blank.

 denominatiua st¯sunt quæ nominatiuo nominatiuum
This is the direct object of "acceperunt". Compare the sentence "nominatiuum tantum a monte accipiens..." in line 8v.a.36.
 · acceperunt ab
aliis tantu2um na2am n¯non significant illud quod primitiua
eoru2um mons primitiuu2um ÷est et speciale plene significationis
ex quo descendit denominatiuu2um · montanus mediæ signi
ficationis ·
nom¯nominatiuum
An easier expansion for this abbreviation would be "nomen", but given the previous sentence "denominatiua quae nominatiuo [scribal error for nominatiuum] acceperunt ab aliis tantum" (8v.a.32-33), I think that the best expansion here is "nominatiuum" again.
tantu2um a monte accipiens aliudq;que signi
ficans ut montanus homo ul¯uel equus · aut arbor et cete
ra ·
et ¢quia generaliter atq;que c¯confuse denominatiua appel
lata
st¯sunt et quia multæ formæ ta2am denominatiuoru2um qua2am
uerbialiu2um
On the form "uerbialis, -e" as opposed to "uerbalis, -e", see note to the word with id w31371 (line 8v.a.30).
et par
ticipialiu2um · et aduerbialiu2um · co2ommunes inueniuntur · nunc de his di
cemus þper singula quoru2um terminationes st¯sunt hæ · in i·a · ut durus
duritia · et in a · ul¯uel e · c¯consonante antecedente cantus cantile
na · cubo cubile · similiter in · i · a fruge frugi · a nihilo nihili
quos docuimus ia2am ee¯esse obliquos · similiter in u · ut tono tonitru
in · al ceruix ceruical · tribunus tribunal · in · il · uigilo uigil
pugillus pugil · in · ul · exulo exul · in · am · ne¢quis nequa2am · in um ·
oliua oliuetu2um · p¯presideo · p¯presidiu2um · in · ar · lacus lacunar · in · er
eques equester · in or senatus senator · in ur · satio satur ·
in as primus primas · arpinu2um arpinas · in es · cor¯correpta equus eques
in · es · ŋproductu2um pauper · pauperies · sepio sepes · struo strues ·
sterno strages · in · is · etis edis
The first two graphemes ("ed") are oddly written with the very common ligature for "et", so I consider this a scribal error: "etis" for "edis" ("aedis" is the reading of the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.118.15).
 edilis · rex · regalis · in os lepus lepos
custodio custos · in us · sine c¯consonante ab assideo ul¯uel asse
assiduus · et diuersis c¯consonantib;bus ante positis saxu2um saxo
sus spuma spumosus et aliis et a participiis quando qua
rte declinationis sunt · ut uersus saltus et ab aduerbiis ut
supra
The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.118.21, has "super superus", with the agreement of all witnesses taken into account by Keil. Still, I am not emending "supra" to "super" here only to make Ursus' text coincide with Priscian's.
superus · in · x · ut fur furax capio capax audeo au
dax · in duas c¯consonantes ut picenu2um picens · tiburtu2um tiburs
in a desinentia denominatiua ul¯uel i · breue habent ante
a ut sapientia ul¯uel l · ut cautela · ul¯uel n · ut tonstrina ul¯uel
· r · ut armatura · in
uerbialibus
On the form "uerbialis, -e" as opposed to "uerbalis, -e", see note to the word with id w31371 (line 8v.a.30). This form will recur again later in the manuscript, but I'm not repeating this note from this point on.
habent alias c¯consonan
tes quas a uerbis accipiunt
I would add "accipiunt" after "a uerbis": "In uerbialibus habent alias consonantes, quas a verbis [accipiunt], denominatiua". The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K. .119.2-4 has: "inueniuntur tamen in uerbalibus etiam alias consonantes ante a habentia, sed quas a uerbis accipiunt, ut 'scribo scriba', 'conuiuo conuiua', 'colligo collega'".
 | denominatiua · plurimas formas hab¯abent
et diuersas significationes accipiunt ut scribas scriba c¯conuiuo
c¯conuiua · secundæ declinationis nomina desinentia in us · an
tecedente · c · quodcu2umq;que quotcu2umq;que
Probable scribal error: "quodcumque" for "quotcumque". The witnesses of Priscian bear both readings. This is Keil's apparatus note: "quotcumque] rdh quodcumque RDH q***cunque K quocunque numero HL et in litura k". Note that in Priscian's manuscript RDH, the second hand corrected "quodcumque" to "quotcumque". This case (together with the "ος"/"ου" error in line 4r.b.31 and the carthina/chartina error in lines 10r.b.32-33, suggests that the text that Ursus read was close to the first hand of Priscian's codex R (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
 syllabaru2um sint absq;que regionu2um nomi
nibus assumunt genitiuo · tia · et fac¯aciunt denominatiua ut ami
cus amici amicitia · inimicus inimici inimitia inimicitia
"Inimitia" is not a word in Latin.
 · similiter
fac¯aciunt secundæ declinationis dissillaba disillaba
Extra 's'.
 in us · quacu2umq;que consonan
te antecedente absq;que nominibus regionu2um ut letus leti leti
tia · durus duri duritia · tertiæ declinationis desinentitia in is
nominatiuo et genitiuo assumunt datiuo · tia · ut tristis
tristis tristi tristitia · i · penultimu2um
corcorreptum
The abbreviation "cor" for "correptus, -a, -um" is quite common, but up to this point it always had an abbreviation mark (a macron) above it. This is the first time that there is no visible abbreviation mark. Also, this is the first time that I meet a new type of abbreviation, that I encode as "omission" (omission of graphemes, without abbreviation mark): se the documentation for a full discussion on this type of abbreviation.
in omnib;bus supra
dictis et secundæ et tertiæ declinationis · alia nomina cor¯correpto
i · genitiui secundæ decli¯clinationis assumptu2um a
Accusative absolute: "assumptum a".
fac¯faciunt denominatiua
ut uiolentus uiolenti uiolentia · et tertiæ declinationis no
mina ul¯uel participia quoru2um genitiuus uincit nominatiuu2um
una syll¯llaba · cor¯correpto · i ·
datiui
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.119.22-25, has a different syntactic construction, but with the same general meaning: "similiter faciunt tertiae declinationis nomina siue participia, quae una syllaba, uincunt genetiuo nominatiuum: assumunt enim datiuo a, paenultima i ubique, sicut supra dictum est, correpta".
 assumptu2um · a
Accusative absolute: "assumptum a".
· fac¯aciunt denominatiua [9r]
ut neglegens neglegentis neglegenti neglegentia · inueniun
tur denominatiua · quæ desinunt in monia deriuatiua a no
minibus siue uerbis · ut castus casti castimonia · parco parsi
parsimonia | in · a · desinentia denominatiua seu uerbialia
consonante antecedente ul¯uel in la · exeunt ul¯uel in na · ul¯uel in ra ł ex
quibus in la desinentia ul¯uel a genitiuo secundæ declinationis · ue
niunt ul¯uel a datiuo tertiæ · uersu2um · i · in · e · longu2um et assu2umpta · la ·
ut tutus · tuti tutela · cliens clientis clienti clientela · quæ a ue
rbis secunde c¯coniugationis ueniunt a secunda þpersona · abiecta
s · addita · la · fiunt ut candeo candes candela · suadeo suades
suadela | in na desinentia denominatiua · siue uerbialia uel
natura ul¯uel positione · semþper longa2am habent penultima2am ut offi
ciu2um officina medicus medicina · cocus cocina · et culina | leo ·
leena · cantus cantilena luceo lucerna | na2am mutina · saga
na · pagina
There is a breve (˘) mark over the penultimate vowel of "Mutĭna", "sagăna" and "pagĭna".
· penultima cor¯orrepta · non st¯sunt deriuatiua · sagana hoc
est quod et saga
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.120.21-22 in Keil's edition has: "nam 'Mutĭna', 'sagăna', 'pagĭna' non uidentur esse dereiuatiua. ['sagana' enim et 'saga' idem significant.]" So Keil expunges this sentence, but Ursus read it in its source.
| in ra · terminantia omnia similia st¯sunt futu
ri participii fem¯feminini · unde ŋproducitur · u · penultimu2um ut
scriptura
There is a macron sign over the "u" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
|
oms¯mnes formæ denominatiuoru2um desinentes in · a ŋpropriæ ŋproprie fem¯feminini generis
sunt · preter pauca uerbialia seruantia consonantes uerbo
ru2um · st¯sunt masculina ul¯uel co2ommunia ut a scribo scriba a lego col
lega aduenio aduena · in · i · duo st¯sunt indeclinauilia indeclinabilia ut ¢quida2am di
cunt frugi a fruge · nihili a nihilo sed frugi datiuu2um et nihili ge
nitiuu2um est · in o · pauca inueniuntur · denominatiua masculi
na ul¯uel co2ommunia ut a cicere cicero a lateo latro · a comedendo
comedo comedonis · a palpando palpo palponis · ab epulando
epulo epulonis · fem¯eminina plurima inueniuntur aut in i·o aut in
go aut in do : et pene omnia reru2um incorporaliu2um st¯sunt in ·
i·o
Though there is a middle dot between the two graphemes, the scribe meant them to represent one morpheme.
· et pleru2umq;que fi
unt a participiis preteriti · quoru2um genitiuo assu2umpta · o · et
cor¯orrepta
Normally, in Ursus' text, individual alphabemes are neuter. The expansion of this abbreviation should therefore be "correptum". However, I am expanding it to "correpta" for analogy with the previous "assumpta", also modifying an alphabeme ("assumpta 'o'").
· i ·
fiunt ut oratus orati oratio · lectus lecti lectio · internectus
internecti internecio · euphoniæ causa abiecta · t · in go · et pri
mitiua et deriuatiua ŋproduc¯ucunt penultima2am natura ul¯uel positione
ut uir ago · co2ompago
There is a macron sign over the "a" in "uirāgo" and "compāgo" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· excipitur unu2um masculinu2um disyllabu2um ligo ·
penultimu2um corcorreptum
Accusative absolute: "paenultimum correptum".
· in do · et a nominib;bus et a uerbis et a participiis
ueniunt · et ul¯uel · e · ul¯uel · i · longu2um habent ul¯uel tu · ante · do · ut acris
acre
do
There is a macron sign over the "e" ("acrēdo") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· libet libido · formido formidas :
This ":" grapheme has the function of a metamark inline, marking the point of the text in which the interlinear addition should be inserted. The ensuing "ł" (semicolon-like) grapheme is in interlinear position, with the function of a metamkark marking the beginning of the added text.
ł formido formidinis · forti fortitudo ex his habentia · e · ŋproduc¯ductum
ante do si deriuantur a nominibus conuertunt extrema2am
syll¯yllabam in e · et addita · to · fiunt ut dulcis dulcedo ·
The rest of line 37 is left blank, though it has traces of erased text. Probably, however, the line originally had a different text, and the words "fiunt ut dulces dulcedo" were overwritten over it. Traces of a possibly erased text (of the length of about 5 graphemes) are also found at the beginning of line 38. The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.122.16-21, has: "et sciendum, quod e productam ante 'do', si a nominibus deriuantur, extremae syllabae terminationes in e conuertunt et accipiunt 'do', ut 'dulcis dulcēdo', 'acris acredo', sin a uerbis, secundarum terminationes personarum in e productam similiter uertunt et accepta 'do' faciunt dupra dictae formae deriuatiuum, ut 'intercapio intercapis intercapēdo'".

 […] si a uerbis conuertunt · extrema2am syll¯yllabam secundæ þpersonæ ·
addita do fiunt ut intercapio intercapis
intercapedo
There is a macron sign over the second "e" ("intercapēdo") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
e i
The writing is hardly readable here, but a larger allograph of the grapheme "e" seems readable, with another illegible glyph after it. The sense of the passage and the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.122.21: "similiter i ante 'do' habentia'") suggest that, if this is an "e", this is a scribal error for "i" ("'i' ante 'do' habentia").
ante do habentia fiunt uersa extrema syll¯yllaba secundæ þpersonæ
in · i · longum et addita do ut cupio cupis
cupido
There is a macron sign over the "i" ("cupīdo") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· excepto
formido quod a secunda fit · sed illius formæ est · cuius et
primitiuu2um eius · in tudo si ueniunt a nominibus secundæ
declinationis n¯non participialibus cor¯correpto · i · genitiui additis · tu
do · fiunt sin a tertiæ decl¯clinationis cor¯orrepto · i · dati¯atiui additis tudo fiunt · ut
amplus ampli amplitudo similis similis simili simili
tudo · sin a participiis ul¯uel participialibus in tus desinentib;bus
ueniunt · abiectu2um · s
Accusative absolute: "abiectum s".
· addita · do fiunt ut a testa siue
testus
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.123.5 has: "siue testu 'testudo', quod est corporale".

 testudo qd¯quod est corporale | omnia in do · desinentia primiti
ua ul¯uel deriuatiua habentia · u · penultimu2um
ŋproduc¯ucunt
The first hand had written "ŋduc", with a macron over "duc". This abbreviation would have had "producunt" as expansion. A second hand decided to clarify the abbreviation by adding the omitted "unt" above the line.
illud natura
ul¯uel positione ut hirudo hirundo harundo · in u · pauca sunt
deriuatiua ut specus · specu · pecus · pecu · testa testu · tonitrus ·
tonitru · cornus cornu · una2am habent habet
The subject "uterque" requires a singular form of the verb.
 significationem uterque ·
idcirco dubiu2um est si sint deriuatiua dicenda · in al · desinentia ·
si primitiua eoru2um natura ul¯uel positione habuerint penultimu2um
ŋproductu2um | et illa ŋproductu2um hab¯abent · ut ceruicis ceruical luþpercus · lu
percal
There is a macron sign over the penultimate of each of the following words: "ceruīcis, "ceruīcal", "lupērcus", "lupērcal", to mark the vowel"s long quantity. In word "lupercus", the macron is over the "þ" grapheme (brevigraph for "per").
· et si illa breue · et ista breue
"Si illa (scil. nomina habent paenultimum) breue, et ista (scil. habent paenultimum) breue.
· ut animus ul¯uel anima
animal · torus toral
There is a breve (˘) mark over the penultimate of words "anĭmus", "anĭma", "tŏrus" and "tŏral" to mark its short quantity.
| in il · ul¯uel ul · desinentia a nominibus
ul¯uel uerbis uenientia fiunt abiecta ultima uocali ul¯uel syll¯yllaba ·
primitiui ut pugillus pugil uigilo uigil · exulo exul · in · am ·
unu2um omnis generis a nequeo nequis nequa2am · in · um · diuersæ st¯sunt
formæ · quæd a2am habent · e · ŋproductu2um · ul¯uel · i · cor¯orreptum · ante · um · ut oliue
tum · uinetu2um · myrtetum · qua2am uis alii feminino myrteta dixis
sent auguriu2um solariu2um · metoriu2um meritoriu2um
The source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.124.5 has "meritorium".
 · municipiu2um · p¯presidiu2um domicilium ł
consonantes · ante · um · habentia diuersæ formæ st¯sunt · alia in bulu2um
quæ similia st¯sunt diminutiuis · et a uerbis ul¯uel nominibus ueniunt · ut
cuna cunabulu2um uesta ul¯uel uestis · uestibulu2um pasco pabulu2um quoru2um
penultima in omnibus corripitur | ante penult¯ultima si habeant habeat
As the subject is "antepaenultima", I am emending this word to "habeat", which is also the reading of the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.124.14-15 ("antepaenultima uero, si i habeat, producitur").
 · i · cor
ripitur
Traces of an erased word (another "corripitur") follow.
ut
uestibulu2um
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" ("uestĭbulum") to mark its short quantity.
turibulu2um
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" ("turĭbulum") to mark its short quantity.
· si · a · ŋproducitur ut
cuna
bulu2um
There is a macron over the "a" ("cunābulum") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
uocabulu2um
There is a macron over the "a" ("uocābulum") to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· excepto
stabulu2um
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "a" ("stăbulum") to mark its short quantity.
cuius · a · corripitur ¢quia et uer
bu2um stabulo stabulas
There is a breve (˘) mark over the first "a" in "stăbulo" and "stăbulas" to mark its short quantity.
· corripit hoc · similiter stabilis et status
There is a breve (˘) mark over the first "a" in "stăbilis" and "stătus" to mark its short quantity.
·
et omnia quæ deribantur deriuantur a sto corripiunt · preter stamen et sta
tura
There is a macron over the first "a" of "stāmen" and "stātura" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
quod tam nomen qua2am participiu2um est ŋproducunt · alia desinunt
in culu2um et deribantur deriuantur a secunda þpersona uerboru2um et simplicium
et co2ompositoru2um ut deuerto deuertis deuerticulu2um · uerro uerris
uerriculu2um oro oras oraculu2um specio specis speculu2um ŋpro speciculu2um
fero fers ferculum | [9v]
alia desinunt in mentu2um et pleru2umq;que deriuantur a uerbis ut uestio ues
tis uestimentu2um · alo alis alimentu2um · et si breuis est penultima pre
teritoru2um uerboru2um ex ¢quibus ista nascuntur · et istoru2um antepenulti
ma breuis est · et si illoru2um penultima fuerit longa et istoru2um ante
penultima longa est · ut ornaui ul¯uel ornatus ornamentu2um · monui ·
monitus monumentu2um : alui alitus alimentu2um · sunt alia in · um ·
similia participiis ut factu2um tectu2um dictu2um uisu2um · alia deriuata
a uerbis · uerso · o · in · um · regno regnu2um · uelo uelu2um · desinentia deno
minatiua in · en · antecedente · m · pene omnia uerbialia st¯sunt · et neu
tra · et si st¯sunt a prima c¯coniugatione · penultimu2um · a · longu2um habent · ut so
lor solaris · solamen · ligo ligas ligamen
There is a macron sign over the penultimate of "solāris", "solāmen", "ligāmen", to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· sin a secunda ul¯uel tertia
correpta ueniunt · i · penultumu2um correptu2um habent · moneo mones
monimen · rego regis regimen · tego tegis tegimen · et tegmen a spi
cis
There is no graphical space between "a" and "spicis", so another possible word distinction could be "aspicis". But I prefer "a spicis" also because of the source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.125.9-10), that has: "a simplici quoque, quod in usu non est, 'specio specis speculum'". "Spicis" derives from "specis" with Latin apophony (short e / short i).
ul¯uel species specimen
There is a breve (˘) mark over the first "i" in "monĭmen", "regĭmen", "tegĭmen", "specĭmen" to mark its short quantity.
· et si in ·
u·o
Though the manuscript has a punctuation sign between "u" and "o", the morpheme meant is "uo" as a whole.
· desinit uerbu2um ex quo descendunt
habent · u · penultimu2um ŋproductu2um · ut acuo acumen · nuo numen · qd¯quod est
dei nutus · luo lumen · eo quod omnia abluuntur · id est purgantur ·
a tenebris · si uero uenerint a tertia producta · i · penultimu2um ŋproductu2um
hab¯abent ut munio munimen · lenio lenimen · molior molimen
There is a macron sign over the penultimate of each of the following words: "acūmen, "nūmen", "lūmen", "munīmen", "lenīmen", "molīmen", to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· pau
ca denominatiua · in · en · masculina inueniuntur · ut a pecten
do pecten pectinis · a filo filamen · et flamen · flaminis · in cen
desinentia co2omposita a canendo masculina st¯sunt · et i · penultimu2um
cor¯orreptum habent ut tubicen tubicenis id est tuba canens · similiter
cornicen fidicen
There is a breve (˘) mark over the first "i" in "tubĭcen", "tubĭcenis", "cornĭcen", "fidĭcen", to mark its short quantity.
· excepto
tibicen
There is a macron over the second "i" of "tibīcen" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· i · penultimu2um ŋproduc¯uctum habet · eo
quod debuit þper
duo
The second hand wrote "duas", then erased "s" and corrected the "a" to "o".
· i ·
breuia
The final "a" seems to have been overwritten on a rasura, but the text erased is not readable. Probably it was "breues", in agreement with the previous "duas".
: dici · tibiicen · et uersa st¯sunt in unu2um longu2um |
uel quia pleru2umq;que in co2ompositione solet · a · conuerti · in · i · ut cado : in
cido
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" ("cĭdo") to mark its short quantity.
· sic factu2um est tibia
tibicen
There is a macron over the second "i" of "tibīcen" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· et aliæ uocales solent in multis
solent
"Solent" is repeated twice in this sentence. One of them must be expunged.
 ex duabus breuibus syllabis transire · in una2am longa2am · ut
biiuge
Perseus' Lewis-Short (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu) has an entry "bijugus"/"biiugus".
bige ·
quadriiuge
Perseus' Lewis-Short (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu) has an entry "quadrijugus"/"quadriiugus".
quadrigæ · bisuni bini · et e contrario una ·
syll¯yllaba · longa in duas breues solet temporis diuidi · admittier ·
ŋpro admitti · fieri ŋpro firi · ul¯uel fire · in · ar · desinentia denominatiua
si c¯consonante2em hab¯abent ante · ar · ŋproducitur penultima · si uocalem
cor
Implied: "si (denominatiua) uocalem (habent ante 'ar', paenultima) corripitur".
ripitur
· ut cesus
cesar
There is a macron over the grapheme "e" representing the diphthong "ae" to mark the vowel's long quantity ("cēsar").
· lacus
lacunar
There is a macron over the "u" to mark the vowel's long quantity ("lacūnar").
· laqueus
laquear
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "e" ("laquĕar") to mark its short quantity.
· in
er · desinentia pleraq;que s · et t · hab¯abent ante · er · ut eques equester · silua
siluester · olea oleaster · et tunc hab¯abent · a · ante ster · cu2um in pri
mitiuis eoru2um nulla sit c¯consonans · inter uocales penultimæ · et
ultimæ syllabæ ut apiu2um apiaster · huiuscemodi formæ · demi
nutiua · a · habent ante : ster · parasitaster · alia omnia · e
habent ante · ster · excepto paluster · et hæc denominatiua
Implied: "Et haec denominatiua (sunt)". Compare the source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.127.15-16): "Et haec quidem denominatiua sunt. Sunt autem uerbialia..."
·
sunt
The digital reproduction of this page sometimes crops out the rightmost glyphs of column b.
uerbialia ex his quæ seruant consonante2em uerboru2um
ante
The final graphemes "te" are not visible due to a fault of the digital image of the manuscript, but they are easily reconstructable, also based on the source Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.127.15-16: "Sunt autem uerbalia, quae uerborum consonantem seruant ante 'er'".

 er · ut rubeo ruber · macero macer · piget piger · in us fiunt · a
uerbis abiectu2um o
Accusative absolute: "abiectum o".
· murmuro murmur · auguro augur · saturo
satur · unde fem¯femininum satura neu¯neutrum saturum denominatiua · in · as
fi
unt
The graphemes "fi" are not perfectly readable in the digital reproduction of the manuscript.
addita · tas · aut genitiuo · secundæ declinationis aut dat¯atiuo
tertiæ · cor¯orreptum · i · penultimu2um · ut ŋprobus ŋprobi
ŋprobitas
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" ("ŋbĭtas") to mark its short quantity.
· nouus noui
noui
tas
There is a breve (˘) mark over the "i" ("nouĭtas") to mark its short quantity.
asper asperis
This probably is meant to be the genitive singular of "asper", in which case it should be "asperi", and it would constitute a duplicate of the next "asperi. So I am expunging it. Compare the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.128.2: "asper asperi asperĭtas".
 asperi asperitas · et illa quæ duplicant · i · in
genitiuo · mutato ultimo · i · in · e · assu2umpta · tas · faciunt denomi
natiua ut pius pii pietas · preter liber qd¯quod non genitiuo · sed no
minatiuo assu2umpsit · tas · liber libertas · et pauca tertiæ declina
tionis quæ · b · ul¯uel · p : sine · s · hab¯abent ante · er · hæc n¯non datiuo sed nomina
tiuo assumunt · tas · ut puber pubertas · pauþper pauþpertas ·
hoc fit et in secunda declinatione · ut liber libertas · asper et
ŋprosper
The last graphemes of this word are cropped out in the digital reproduction of the manuscript.
¢quia · s · habet habent
The subjects are "asper" and "prosper", so the verb should be plural.
 ante · þper · asperitas et ŋprosperitas fac¯aciunt · saluber ¢quia
et salubris dicr¯icitur nominatiuo facit salubritas · similiter
celeber
The final grapheme "r" is cropped out int he digital reproduction of the manuscript, but I reconstruct it from the context.
et celebris celebritas · uetus triu2um generu2um assumit · tas · facit
uetustas · preter desinentia in · or · quæ mutant · or · in · es · et assu
munt · tas · ut maior maiestas · alia denominatiua desinunt
in · as · similia accusatiuis primitiuoru2um suoru2um et st¯sunt communia
primas optimas rabennas rauennas capenas arpinas crotonias
pon
tias
The grapheme that I transcribed as "t" looks like a mixture between the low allograph of grapheme "t" and the only allograph of grapheme "g". It might be the result of a scribal correction.
larinas
There is a circumflex (^) sign over the last "a" of words "primâs", "optimâs", "rabennâs" (sic), "capenâs", "arpinâs", "crotoniâs", "pontiâs", "larinâs", to mark the vowel's long quantity, the syncope and possibly the stress. See what the manuscript text itself says about the meaning of this circumflex in lines 21-22 of this column (9v.b.21-22) on the quantity ("quae in fine habent circumflexum accentum eo quod proferuntur per syncopam") and in lines 26-30 of the same column on the syncope.
· quæ in fine habent circu2um flexu2um accentu2um eo qd¯uod
ŋproferun
tur
Grapheme "n" is cropped out in the digital reproduction of the manuscript.
 þper syncopa2am · þperfecta eni2im eoru2um apud antiquos in tis ŋproferri
inueniuntur ut hic et hæc primatis optimatis et reliqua unde eo
ru2um neutra · in · e · desinunt · primate · optimate et ablatibus ablatiuus su
pra dictoru2um
co2ommuniu2um
The second "u" grapheme ("communiUm") is written above the line. The first version of the word was "communi" with a "2" abbreviation above the "i". Then, someone wrote a "u" above the line, after the "i+2" abbreviation.
in · i · more desinentiu2um nominatiuo · in · is · ex
¢qui
b;bus
The "¢" grapheme is hardly readable because it was partly cropped in the digital reproduction of the manuscript.
 nascuntur · neutra · in · e · a primati · optimati · indubitanter
sciendu2um est qm¯quoniam omnia que circu2um flexa2am penultima2am habent si
patiantur syncopa2am · eundem accentu2um seruant in ultima quæ2aem que2em
The scribe mistakenly wrote "quæm", with the "e caudatum" grapheme, for "quem".
prius
habuit
As the verb "habuit" is singular, its intended subject must be "ultima (scil. syllaba)": "eundem accentum (scil. subject 'uerba deriuatiua' from line 9v.b.27) seruant in ultimā (scil. syllabā), quem (scil. subj. 'ultima syllaba') prius habuit".
· cum penultima2am penultima
This word is no direct object: it is governed by "esset".
 esset ut ŋpro duce
duc
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.130.1 has: "ut prodûce prodûc". I am not emending Ursus' text because it also makes sense, both linguistically as with regard to the grammatical discussion.
· audiuit ·
audiit
The grapheme(s) after "audî" are partly cropped out in the digital reproduction of the manuscript, so possible readings include "audît" or "audîit". I choose "audiit" by comparision with the source (Priscian Ars grammatica, K 2.130.1): "audiuit audit".
illice · illic · isticce istice
The script is not clear, but it could be a scribal error ("iscticce" for "istice").
 istic · sic primatis primas · optimatis optimas
Many of these words will not be easily parsed by the lemmatizer/PoS tagger, however I am not marking them up with "nonsense".
There is a circumflex (^) accent over those words: "dûce", "dûc", "audîuit", "audîit", "illîce", "illîc", "istîcce", "istîc", "primâtis", "primâs", "optimâtis", "optimâs".
·
in · es · cor¯orreptam pauca denominatiua desinunt · ut
equos
This probably is meant as an alternative spelling for "equus".
eques · pes
pedis · pedes · et uerbialia tego teges tegetis · mergo merges mer
getis
There is a breve (˘) mark over words "equŏs", "tegĕs" and "mergĕs" to mark the vowel's short quantity.
· in · es · ŋproducta2am ueniunt a p¯presenti ul¯uel p¯preterito te2empore uerboru2um ·
The final part of the line (after "uerborum") is cropped out in the digital reproduction of the manuscript, so I cannot see if there is a final punctuation sign after "uerborum". I am reconstructing it from the sense of the passage.

 a p¯presenti sepio sepes · luo lues · inluo lubies illuuies
The source (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.130.12) has: "a praesenti: 'saepio sapes', 'luo luēs', 'struo struēs', 'macero maciēs', 'luxurio luxuriēs', 'illuo illuuiēs'; a praeterito: 'rupi rupēs'". Priscian's codices G and K have "illues" instead of "illuuies" (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum). I think that Ursus omitted the prefix "in-" ("il-") and made the common "b/u" error due to his contemporary pronunciation.
 a p¯preterito rupi · rupes
There is a macron sign over the following words (transcribed here with their original graphemes): "sepēs", "luēs", "lubiēs", "rupēs", to mark the vowel's long quantity.
·
in · is · desinentia uerbialia multas et diuersas formas · habe
nt · alia in alis · alia in elis · alia in ilis · alia in ulis · ut curialis
fidelis docilis · uirilis · curulis · alia in ris · a · longu2um antecedente2em
Accusative absolute: "a longum antecedentem".
apollinaris
There is a circumflex mark over the "a" of "apollinâris" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· alia in ensis · atheniensis · alia hab¯abent duas
c¯consona2antes
This is an unusual case in which the abbreviation constituted by a vowel with the "2" abbreviation mark over it means "vowel + n" as opposed to the usual "vowel + m".
[10r]
ante · is · agrestis · salubris samnis · insignis · in alis · ul¯uel ale desinen
tia si st¯sunt a nominib;bus primæ decli¯eclinationis nominatiuo
primitiuoru2um
The first hand wrote "primitorum" (with "2" over the final "m"). The same hand then overwrote a "i" over the "o" ("primitOrum") and added "uo" above the line.
adsumunt
lis · ul¯uel le · et
ŋproduc¯uctum
Based on the linguistic habits of the author, I believe that the expansion of this abbreviation is "productum", not "producunt".
· a · penultimu2um
Accusative absolute "productum a paenultimum". After this, I am not creating notes to highlight accusative absolute constructions.
fiunt ut curia curialis mensa
men
sale
There is a circumflex mark over the "a" of "mensâle" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
 · si secundæ st¯sunt · uersu2um · i · genitiui in a longu2um et adsumpta · lis · si
tertiæ uersa · is geni¯enitiui · in · a · longu2um · et adsu2umpta · lis · fiunt ut mercurius
mercuri mercurialis · uirgo uirginis uirginalis · iuuenis iuue
nalis et iuuenilis · uox uocis · uocalis · sin a quartæ decli¯clinationis sint abiec
tu2um · s · nominatiui · et addita · alis · sin a ¢quintæ abiecta · es · et addi
ta · alis · fiunt | ut manus · manualis · specie specialis | in · alis
fiunt · uerbialia · a prima c¯coniugatione · ut penetro penetralis et pe
netrabilis · in · elis · pauca denominatiua · fidus fidi fidelis · uersu2um
i · in · e · longu2um · et assu2umpta lis preter frater fratris · uersa · is in · u ·
et assu2umpta · elis facit fratruelis · in · ilis · desinentia denominatiua ·
si a nominib;bus deriuantur · i · penultimu2um longu2um hab¯abent ut edis · edilis ·
puer · puerilis · quintus ¢quintilis · subtel subtilis · exilis factu2um a greco
exitelos eoru2um seruant seruat
Its subject is "exilis" (singular). The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.131.21-22 has: "'exīlis' etiam a Graeco ἐξίτηλος factum denominatiuorum seruauit regulam".
 regula2am
There is a macron sign over the following words (transcribed here with their original graphemes): "edīlis", "puerīlis", "quintīlis", "subtīlis", "exīlis", to mark the vowel's long quantity.
·
si
The larger initial was overwritten, over a previous regular-sized (not larger) "s" grapheme.
a uerbis ul¯uel participiis fiunt corr¯correptum
penul¯ultimum hab¯abent · fero fertilis · utor utilis · textus textilis a pare parilis
qd¯quod a paro paras · nascitur · unde co2omparo co2omparas
There is a breve (˘) mark over words "fertĭlis", "utĭlis", "textĭlis", "parĭlis", to mark the vowel's short quantity.
· ŋpropriæ ŋproprie pares sunt
¢qui inter se co2omparari posst¯sunt · neu¯eutra in · ile · siue habeant mascul¯ulinum ul¯uel
fem¯emininum · in · ilis · desinentia ex ¢quib;bus nascuntur siue n¯non habeant et a qua
cu2umq;que parte nascuntur · i : penultimu2um ŋproduc¯uctum hab¯abent · ut ouile sedile
munile monile
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.131.23, has "monīle".
 cubile
There is a macron sign over the following words (transcribed here with their original graphemes): "ouīle", "munīle", "cubīle", to mark the vowel's long quantity. No macron is visible over "sedile".
· in · lis · desinentia si a prima c¯coniugatione fiunt a ·
longu2um hab¯abent · antepenul¯ultimum · ut penetro penetras penetrauilis penetrabilis p¯predico
p¯predicas p¯predicauilis p¯predicabilis · miror miraris mirauilis mirabilis
There is a macron sign over the following words (transcribed here with their original graphemes): "penetrāuilis", "praedicāuilis", "mirāuilis", to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· p¯preter stauilis stabilis
A breve mark (˘) over the first "i" ("stabĭlis") marks its short quantity.
quod
solu2um · a antepenul¯ultimum corripit ł
quæ
The larger initial was overwritten, over a previous regular-sized (not larger) "q" grapheme.
a uerbis secundæ ul¯uel ter¯ertie · cor¯correpte · ul¯uel ŋpro
duc¯ucte · c¯coniugationis ueniunt si · i · antepenultimu2um habeant · corripi
unt · illud ut doceo docibilis · credo credibilis
There is a breve (˘) mark over the words "docĭbilis" and "credĭbilis" to mark the vowel's short quantity.
· plurima nascuntur
ex his c¯coniugationib;bus quæ n¯non hab¯abent · i · ante penultimu2um ut docilis fleui
lis flebi
lis · quæda2am ex his nascuntur ex p¯presenti · quæda2am ex p¯preterito · quæda2am ex
futuro · ex p¯presenti · doceo · dociuilis docibilis · plausi plausiuilis plausibilis · sensi sensiuilis sensibilis
et sensilis · ex futurus futuro
Compare the sentence "quaedam ex his nascuntur ex presenti, quaedam ex preterito, quaedam ex futuro" (lines 10r.a.29-30).
 flebo
flebilis
There is a macron over "plausīuilis", "sensīuilis" and "flēbilis" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· unde · e · ŋproduc¯ductum ante b · hab¯abet ·
in aris · ueniunt a nominib;bus siue uerbis · quoru2um ultima sylla¯llaba inci
pit · ab | l · ul¯uel ab aliqua pura uocali · ex quoru2um genitiuis · ul¯uel prima
þpersona positiui fiunt mutatis litteris · sequentib;bus · l · in · a · et ad
dita · ris · ut populus populi popularis · apollo apollinis apolli
naris consulo consulis consularis · ul¯uel ipsa pura uocali mutata
in · a longu2um et assumit · ris · latiu2um latii latiaris peculiu2um peculii
pecularis · sic et neutra fiunt desinentia in are · ut uelu2um ueli · ue
lare
in · ensis desinentia si sint a nominibus primæ ul¯uel secundæ decl¯clinationis · mu
tata extrema syll¯yllaba nominatiui singularis ul¯uel pluralis · et ad
su2umpta · sis · efficiuntur · ut hispania hispaniensis · castru2um cas
trensis · athenæ atheniensis · euphoniæ causa · i · ante penultimu2um
assumit · si sint a tertia declinatione · abiectu2um · s · ultimu2um geni
tiui addita · ensis · fiunt · carthago carthaginis carthaginien
sis · quæ hab¯abent duas c¯consonantes ante · is · ul¯uel a nominatiuo fiunt |
abiecta extrema littera · et addita bris · salus salubris · ul¯uel a ge
netiuo mutata extrema eius parte · in · e · et adsu2umpta stis · ul¯uel stris
ager agri agrestis · terra terre terrestris · in tis · denominatiua
antiqua inueniuntur penultima longa natura ul¯uel positione
ut
sa2amnitis
There is a macron over the "i" of "sannītis" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋpro samnis · laurentis ŋpro laurens tiburtis ŋpro tiburs ·
quiritis
There is a macron over the second "i" of "quirītis" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ŋpro quiris ·
ceritis
There is a macron over the first "i" of "cerītis" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
ul¯uel ceretis ŋpro
ceres
There is a macron over the first "e" of "cēres" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
quoru2um nominatiuus nominatiui
I would emend "nominatiuus" to "nominatiui". There is no agreement between "nominatiuus" and "sunt" in this clause. The two possible emendations are "quorum nominatiui nunc in usu non sunt" or "quorum nominatiuus nunc in usu non est".
nunc in usu n¯non st¯sunt · inuenitur etia2am · i · penultimu2um cor¯orreptum ceretis ceritis
The sense requires the graphemes "ceritis" (alphabemes "ceritis", linguistic word "Caeritis" in classical Latin), as this is an example of a word with a short penultimate "i" (not "e"). Also see the source, Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.134.5-7: "inuenitur tamen et correptam i habens paenultimam apud eundem Uirgilium: Est ingens gelidum lucus prope Caerĭtis amnem".
 ·
in os ta2am denominatiua qua2am uerbialia pauca st¯sunt lepus lepos ·
co2ompeto co2ompes · et mutatione · e in · o co2ompos · custotio custodio
Compare the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.134.15: "custodio custos".
 · do dtis dos
Scribal error: possibly the scribe meant to write "do dos dotis", so this word could be emendated to "dos". Compare the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.134.16: "do dos".
 ·
dotis · in us · diuersæ formæ st¯sunt ta2am denominatiuoru2um qua2am uerbia
liu2um · alia exeunt in · i·us · ut nuntius · alia in · u·us · diuisas · arduus ·
alia in bus · ŋprobus alia in cus · lucus · alia in · quus · æquus · alia in dus
ŋprouidus alia in lus · patulus · alia in rus ·
sonorus
There is a macron over the "o" of "sonōrus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· alia in sus · cursus ·
alia in tus togatus · alia in stus uetustus · in · i·us · desinentia a nomi
nib;bus siue uerbis deriuata seruant c¯consonantes primitiuoru2um suoru2um
ante · i·us · ex ¢quibus incipiunt ultimæ ul¯uel penultimæ syll¯yllabe sed tu2um penul
timæ cu2um et ipsa penultima in uocale2em desinit et ultima a uocali
incipit ut seruus · serui seruius · seruilis · seruilius
There is a macron over the first "i" of "seruīlis" and "seruīlius" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· uirgula uirgi
lius · scio scius · unde nescio · nescius · preter desinentia in icius si
deriuantur a nominib;bus ul¯uel participiis · secundæ decl¯clinationis genitiuo ·
sin tertiæ datiuo assumunt · cius · i · ta2am penultimu2um qua2am ante
penultimu2um cor¯orreptum ut aduectus | aduecti aduecticius | co2ommen
datus co2ommendati co2ommendaticius · pater patris patri patri
cius
There is a mark over each of the two "i"s of "aduentícíus". The same signs on the same position are on the words "commendatícíus" and "patrícíus". The shape of the signs sometimes looks like an acute accent mark, sometimes more like a macron. The second mark spans over both "i" and "u". The first sign marks the vowel's long quantity, but I am not sure about the meaning of the second mark, as the "i" should be short.
· quæda2am eiusdem formæ ueniunt a nominib;bus primæ decli
nationis habentia · a · ante · cius · gallina gallinacius · carthi
na charti
na
This is possibly an error for "chartina", but if so, the error comes from Priscian's manuscripts. The source is Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.136.3. Keil prints "chartina chartinacius". In his apparatus, he writes "chartina] r carthina RD" and notes that a glossa to the "cod. Heidelb." explains: "epistola e charta quae a carpendo dicitur" (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum). This error, together with the "ος"/"ου" error in line 4r.b.31 above and especially with the quodcumque/quotcumque variant reading in 8v.b.26, suggests that the text that Ursus read was close to the first hand of Priscian's codex R ("cod. bibl. imp. Paris. 7496").
carthinacius chartinacius
As the previous word, this is possibly an error for "chartinacius", deriving from Priscian's manuscripts R and D. Keil (Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.136.3) prints "chartinacius" and in his apparatus writes: "carthinatius RA carthinacius r" (see http://www.unipa.it/paolo.monella/ursus/sigla.pdf for Keil's sigla codicum).
 | similiter fiunt in · u·us · diuisas · desinentia
ta2am a nominib;bus qua2am a uerbis uenientia secundu2um regulam ·
in · i·us terminantiu2um ut annus anni annuus · pater patris
patri patruus · þperspico þperspicio
Scribal error: "perspico" for "perspicio". Compare the source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.136.6-7: "perspicio perspicuus".
 þperspicuus mutata extrema litte
ra ul¯uel litteris · in · u·us | menstruus ł euphoniæ causa adsum
psit · t · et · r · | similiter fiunt in quus · desinentia ut æqųquo æquus · [10v]
obliquo obliquus · sed magis ab his nominib;bus uerba qua2am a uerbis
hæc nomina deriuantur · longus longinquus euphoniæ causa ad
su2umpsit · n · ante · quus · in bus ul¯uel cus · uenientia a uerbis habentibus
b · ul¯uel · c · ante extrema2am uocalem ul¯uel uocales mutatione · o · in · us ·
fiunt etia2am si alia uocalis sit · ante · o · ut ŋprobo ŋprobus · suþperbio suþperbus
parco parcus · luceo lucus ł pauca inueniuntur a nominib;bus ul¯uel uer
bis in · ucus · desinentia · ut sus subulcus · bos bobulcus · peto petul
cus · in dus · desinentiu2um · tres st¯sunt formæ · una quæ seruat c¯consonante2em
ex qua incipit ultima ul¯uel penultima syll¯yllaba primitiui · mutata
parte syllabæ ul¯uel syllabaru2um · in · i · cor¯orreptum · et adsu2umpta · dus · sed tunc
fit in penultima · si inter uocales ultimæ et penultimæ syllabæ n¯non
intercedat c¯consonans | herba herbidus · turba turbidus · tumeo
tumidus ferueo feruidus
There is a breve (˘) mark over the words "herbĭdus", "turbĭdus", "tumĭdus", "feruĭdus", to mark the vowel's short quantity.
· excipitur unu2um alternitatis causa ·
qua2am greci epallilotita uocant · pando pandus non pandidus ·
ne alterna · d · in utraq;que syll¯yllaba continuaretur · quod in multis uita
tur apud grecos ut charibdeos · ŋpro charibdidos · et apud nos · cha
ribdis cha
rybdis
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.137.5 has "Charybdis".
 · n¯non charibdidis charybdidis
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.137.5 has "Charybdidis".
 · et a mane n¯non manunine sed matutine · uitis
non uitetu2um sed uinetu2um · qd¯quod tamen a uinea est · meridies ŋpro merididies
a medio die · sed hoc non in omnibus fit · na2am a secunda coniugatio
ne in deo uenientia alternant · d · in utraq;que syll¯yllaba · ut candeo candi
dus · fordeo fordidus · madeo madidus · pando · ideo n¯non pandidus sed
pandus facit ¢quia solu2um a tertia in do desinens uenit | hæc p¯predicta
deriuatiua in dus · ostendunt habere in se · ea · ex ¢quib;bus deriuantur · ut
herbidus ¢qui hab¯abet herba2am · rabidus ¢qui hab¯abet rabiem · et in bundus secun
dæ formæ · desinentia habent similitudine2em · primitiuoru2um suorum
in se · ut uitabundus · similis uitanti moribundus · similis mo
rienti · et pene omnia uerbialia st¯sunt · et si deriuantur a prima c¯coniu
gatione · a · ante penultimu2um longu2um hab¯abent ut uito uitas
uita
bundus
There is a macron over "uitābundus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· sin ab aliis · i · cor¯orreptum ut ludo ludis
ludibundus
The first "u" is a scribal correction (written above the line) for "i".
A breve mark (˘) over the "i" ("ludĭbundus") marks its short quantity.
· excipitur
rubicundus qd¯quod in penultimo · ŋpro · b · hab¯abet · c · euphoniæ causa · ne ru
bibundus diceretur | tertia forma · in dus terminantiu2um est
participialis · id est quæ hab¯abent terminatione2em participioru2um passiuo
ru2um futuri temporis · et significat dignu2um ee¯esse alique2em quod
demonstrat
The source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.1.137.26 - K 2.138.1 makes the meaning of the passage clearer: "et significat digum esse aliquem eo, quod demonstratur".
·
ut laudandus dignus laude · amandus dignus amari |
formæ in · lus desinentiu2um similes st¯sunt diminutiuis · et ueniunt · tam
a nominibus qua2am a uerbis · ut anniculus · ab anno · patulus ·
a pateo · bibulus · a bibo · extrema parte syll¯yllabe ultimæ ul¯uel eade2em
syll¯yllaba in ulus uersa p¯preter · anniculus | ¢quia annulus diminu
tiuum est
et nouacula a nouo nouas · in rus · denominatiua · siue uerbialia
pauca quoru2um penultima ŋproducitur ex quib;bus ea quæ a nominibus
ueniunt adsumunt · us · ut honor honorus · odor odorus · decor deco
rus et ea quæ a uerbis adsumunt · rus · ut cano canorus · sono sonorus
There is a macron over the words "honōris", "odōris", "decōrus", "canōrus", "sonōrus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.

 in sus duplice2em forma2am hab¯abent ¢quia aut participialia st¯sunt id est similia
p¯presenti participii et significant res · incorporales · et st¯sunt quartæ decl¯clinationis
ut uisus · cursus · lusus · uersus · qd¯quod adductu2um est a re incorporali ad
corporalem quæ est in litteris | aut mouilia mobilia st¯sunt secundæ decl¯clinationis · ut las
sus fessus · aut · o · ŋproduc¯uctum hab¯abent ante · sus · significans plenu2um ee¯esse · de his quæ
ostendit ut saxosus plenus saxis · spumosus plenus spuma
There is a macron over the words "saxōsus" and "spumōsus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· mu
tant hæc extrema2am parte2em syll¯yllabe ultimæ genitiui ul¯uel ipsa2am syll¯yllabam si
pura est · in · o · ŋproduc¯uctum · et assumunt sus · saxus saxi saxosus · herba
herbæ herbosus · onus oneris · onerosus · a metu meticulosus fit
There is a macron over the words "saxōsus", "herbōsus", "onerōsus", "meticulōsus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
·
in tus si sint participialia · aut denominatiua ul¯uel incorporalia
aut fixa st¯sunt ut motus · tumultus · sonitus c¯consolatus · et quarte decl¯clinationis
aut mouilia mobilia · ut togatus · loricatus ł et si a prima decl¯clinationis ueniunt ·
a · penul¯ultimum ŋproduc¯uctum hab¯abent ut barba ·
barbatus
There is a macron over "barbātus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· sin a secunda ul¯uel tertia
in aliis · a · in aliis · i · ŋproduc¯ductum hab¯abent penulti¯timum · ut palliu2um pallii pallia
tus · excipitur manuleatus id est manicatus quod qua2amuis · a
penulm¯ultimum ŋproduc¯uctum hab¯abeat · tamen a manu quartæ decli¯clinationis deriuatur · ab ·
auo · auitus · a mare maritus · a cerere cerritus
There is a macron over "marītus" and "cerrītus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· preter uetus
tus et libertus quæ nominatiuo primitiuoru2um addiderunt ·
tus · uetus · et liber · a quarta decl¯clinatione deriuatiua · u · ŋproduc¯uctum habent
ante · tus · ut cornu
cornutus
There is a macron over "cornūtus" to mark the vowel's long quantity.
· ueru uerutus · in · ptus · ctus · xus ·
desinentia uerbialia ul¯uel participialia sunt · acceptus amictus
flexus · cu2um n¯non significant actus · ul¯uel passione2em in te2empore nomina
sunt · in stus fiunt a nominibus · ul¯uel uerbis conuersa pars · ulti
ma in stus · antecedente · e · ul¯uel · u · ut honor honestus · meror
mestus · robur robustus · excepto uenus uenustus · ius · iustus
honus onus
The scribe wrote one extra "h" at the beginning of the word. Compare she source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.140.5 ("onus onustus")
 honustus honustus
The scribe wrote one extra "h" at the beginning of the word. Compare she source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.140.5 ("onus onustus")
 · adsu2umpta nominatiuo · tus · fiunt · sicut
uetus uetustus · et omnia uincunt primitiua sua · una syll¯yllaba
excepta excepto
Words are normally in neuter, not in feminine. Also compare "in quo" (neuter, not "in qua") below.
 mestus · in quo tot syll¯yllabe st¯sunt · qt¯quot et in meror · in ax
pleru2umq;que uerbialia · ab omni c¯coniugatione · ut uoro · uoras ·
uorax · audeo audes audax · emo emis emax · sagio sa
gis sagax · similiter in ex cor¯orreptam · lateo lates latex · laticis
uerto uertex · uomo uomex · simil¯iliter · in ex ŋproduc¯uctam rego regis
rex · lego legis lex · in · ix · feminina fiunt
a masculinis uerbialibus [11r]
siue a nominatiuis desinentibus in tor mutato · or · in rix
ut uictor uictrix · senator · senatrix · nutritor debuerat
facere nutritrix sed euphonie siue alternitatis causa c¯conci
ditur media syll¯yllaba et dicr¯icitur nutrix · in ox · uerbialia ul¯uel denomi
natiua ut uoco uox · uelu2um uelox · in · ux · luceo lux · duceo duco
Compare Compare she source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.140.20 ("duco dux").
 dux ·
in · nx · ul¯uel rx · coniungo coniunx arceo arx · in duas c¯consonan
tes in
I am expunging "in" here, since "participialia" is the subject of the sentence. Compare she source Priscian, Ars grammatica, K 2.140.22: "In duas consonantes inueniuntur participialia".
 participialia inueniuntur cu2um sine te2empore st¯sunt ut sapiens
amans · inueniuntur et denominatiua ut princeps · municipiu2um principiu2um municeps ł

est et appellatiuoru2um species tota greca quæ apud nos · ex
toto grece
declinantur
The grammatical subject of the sentence is "forma", so this verb might be emended to "declinatur". However, it agrees "ex sensu" with an implied "uerba", so I am not emending it. The same situation is found in 11r.a.20: "Est (scil. forma) quantitatis, quae a magnitudine uel paruitate sunt dicta".
· ut temisto themisto
Missing 'h' in transliteration from Greek.
 calipso · dido pan ·
est tota c¯conuersa in latinitate2em · ex integro eni2im in latinu2um uerti
tur grece · polydeyces · latine pollux · grece odysseys · latine
ulixes · est notha species
id est corrupta ¢quia nec in totum
þpermanet in greca nec in totu2um uersa est in latinitate2em manentib;bus
primis syllabis in greco et ultimis mutantib;bus in latinitate2em · gre
ce eni2im dicr¯icitur alexandros · menandros · apud nos alexander · me
nander · uersa · dros · in · er ·

est qualitatis quæ significat qualis sit unus¢quisq;que ut sapi
dus diues formosus
est quantitatis quæ a magnitudine ul¯uel paruitate
st¯sunt
The grammatical subject of the sentence is "quae (scil. forma quantitatis)", so the verb "sunt dicta" should be emended to "est dicta". However, it agrees "ex sensu" with an implied "uerba", so I am not emending it. The same situation had been found in 11r.a.10: "Est et appellatiuorum species tota Graeca, quae apud nos ex toto Graece declinantur".
dicta
ut magnus · paruus · longus · breuis ·
hæc qualitatis et quantita
tis species dici potest · et adiectiua qm¯quoniam medie significationis est
non ostendit aliqd¯quid certu2um nisi alio alii
Wrong dative ending.
 nomini adiciatur etia2am et me
dia est inter ŋpropriu2um et appellatiuu2um · ut doctus uirgilius · et doctus
poeta magnus terentius · et magnus homo ·